Eco-certification protocols as mechanisms to foster sustainable environmental practices in telecoupled systems
Eco-certification protocols as mechanisms to foster sustainable environmental practices in telecoupled systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.forpol.2019.05.016
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Millington, James D. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bicudo da Silva, Ramon Felipe;Batistella, Mateus;Millington, James D. A.
林业和农业商品的国际贸易通过产品、信息和资本的流动，使地球仪上遥远的地区相互联系起来。为了应对这些互联带来的可持续性和社会经济挑战，出现了“远程耦合”概念框架。远耦框架采用耦合的人类-自然系统方法来理解不同系统之间的联系，将其分类为“发送”，“接收”和“溢出”系统。本文使用远距离耦合框架来研究如何通过生态认证的林业产品流将遥远的系统连接起来，并展示这些连接如何在农村财产层面推动环境法的遵守。我们将巴西圣保罗州帕拉伊巴山谷的桉树种植园确定为发送系统，并追踪纤维素纸浆到接收系统的流出流。中国和欧洲联盟是接收系统，在过去10年中一直是主要进口国。使用多时间和空间的方法，我们发现，在1995年和2005年之间，农村财产包含桉树种植园与FSC认证有较高的原生森林覆盖再生率比没有FSC认证的财产。帕拉伊巴山谷的原生森林保护和农村财产的再生是基于国际上对其他地方生态认证纤维素纸浆需求的电信耦合系统的一个效果。此外，我们发现，远耦合系统也会对大西洋森林景观的周边地区产生影响，我们将其确定为相邻的溢出系统。
The international trade of forestry and agricultural commodities leads distant regions across the globe to become connected through flows of products, information and capital. To deal with the sustainability and socioeconomic challenges of these interconnections, the 'telecoupling' conceptual framework has emerged. The telecoupling framework takes a coupled human-natural system approach to understand connections between different systems, classifying them as 'sending', 'receiving' and 'spillover' systems. This paper uses the telecoupling framework to investigate how distant systems are connected through flows of eco-certified forestry products and demonstrates how these connections drive environmental law compliance at the rural property level. We identify rural properties with eucalyptus plantations in Paraiba Valley, Sao Paulo State, Brazil as a sending system, and trace the outgoing flows of cellulose pulp to receiving systems. China and the European Union are the receiving systems, having been the major importers over the last 10 years. Using a multitemporal and spatial approach, we found that between 1995 and 2005 rural properties containing eucalyptus plantations with FSC certification had higher rates of native forest cover regeneration than properties without FSC certification. Native forest conservation and regrowth in rural properties in Paraiba Valley is an effect of the telecoupled system based on the international demand of eco-certified cellulose pulp from elsewhere. Additionally, we find that the telecoupled system also results in impacts on surrounding areas in the Atlantic forest landscapes, which we identify as an adjacent spillover system.