Spatiotemporal Regulation of RhoA during Cytokinesis.

Spatiotemporal Regulation of RhoA during Cytokinesis.
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细胞因子过程中RhoA的时空调节。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.045
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发表时间:
2018-05-07
期刊:
Current biology : CB
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Glotzer M
Glotzer M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Basant A;Glotzer M

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活性形式的小G T β RhoA是必要的,足以在动物细胞中形成细胞动力学沟。尽管这个过程在概念上很简单,但控制它的分子机制却很复杂,涉及多个层次的冗余。在这里,我们讨论了我们目前的知识,潜在的时空调控RhoA在胞质分裂的上游激活剂的机制。直接上游激活剂RhoGEF Ect 2由于自身抑制而需要激活。Ect2主要由centralspindlin复合物激活,该复合物包含许多调节其亚细胞定位、寡聚状态和Ect2激活的结构域。我们回顾这些领域的功能和centralspindlin是如何调节,以确保正确的时间,赤道RhoA激活。突出最近的证据,我们提出,虽然centralspindlin并不总是显着积累在质膜上,它是在胞质分裂过程中促进RhoA激活的网站。
The active form of the small GTPase RhoA is necessary and sufficient for formation of a cytokinetic furrow in animal cells. Despite the conceptual simplicity of the process, the molecular mechanisms that control it are intricate and involve redundancy at multiple levels. Here, we discuss our current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying spatiotemporal regulation of RhoA during cytokinesis by upstream activators. The direct upstream activator, the RhoGEF Ect2, requires activation due to autoinhibition. Ect2 is primarily activated by the centralspindlin complex, which contains numerous domains that regulate its subcellular localization, oligomeric state, and Ect2 activation. We review the functions of these domains and how centralspindlin is regulated to ensure correctly timed, equatorial RhoA activation. Highlighting recent evidence, we propose that although centralspindlin does not always prominently accumulate on the plasma membrane, it is the site where it promotes RhoA activation during cytokinesis.
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