The African Americanization of menthol cigarette use in the United States
The African Americanization of menthol cigarette use in the United States
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/1462220310001649478
复制
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Gardiner, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gardiner, PS
如今，超过 70% 的非裔美国吸烟者更喜欢薄荷卷烟，而白人吸烟者的这一比例为 30%。这种独特的社会现象主要是由于 20 世纪 60 年代烟草业对新兴的黑人、城市、种族隔离消费市场的巧妙操纵而引起的。通过使用电视和其他广告媒体，加上根据文化定制的图像和信息，烟草业将薄荷卷烟“非洲美国化”。烟草业成功地将薄荷产品（尤其是 Kool）定位为年轻、时尚、新颖和健康。在薄荷醇在非裔美国人社区中获得大量市场份额的时期，烟草业向非裔美国人组织捐赠了资金，希望能够削弱对其产品的攻击。本文中的许多调查结果均取自 1998 年《总和解协议》后披露的烟草业文件。在对薄荷醇的起源和增长进行简短回顾后，本文探讨了一些关键的社会因素，综合考虑这些因素，导致非裔美国人与其他美国人相比，使用薄荷醇卷烟的比例过高。不幸的是，该行业的做法对这个社区的长期影响可能是非裔美国人，尤其是非裔美国男性中烟草相关疾病和死亡率过高的部分原因。
Today, over 70% of African American smokers prefer menthol cigarettes, compared with 30% of White smokers. This unique social phenomenon was principally occasioned by the tobacco industry's masterful manipulation of the burgeoning Black, urban, segregated, consumer market in the 1960s. Through the use of television and other advertising media, coupled with culturally tailored images and messages, the tobacco industry "African Americanized" menthol cigarettes. The tobacco industry successfully positioned mentholated products, especially Kool, as young, hip, new, and healthy. During the time that menthols were gaining a large market share in the African American community, the tobacco industry donated funds to African American organizations hoping to blunt the attack on their products. Many of the findings in this article are drawn from the tobacco industry documents disclosed following the Master Settlement Agreement in 1998. After a short review of the origins and growth of menthols, this article examines some key social factors that, when considered together, led to disproportionate use of mentholated cigarettes by African Americans compared with other Americans. Unfortunately, the long-term impact of the industry's practice in this community may be partly responsible for the disproportionately high tobacco-related disease and mortality among African Americans generally and African American males particularly.