Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume
Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.1186986
复制
发表时间：
2010-10-22
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Sollitt, Luke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colaprete, Anthony;Schultz, Peter;Sollitt, Luke
一些远程观测表明，水冰可能存在于月球上永久阴影的陨石坑中。月球陨石坑观测和传感卫星（LCROSS）使命旨在提供直接证据（1）。2009年10月9日，一枚已报废的半人马座火箭撞击了月球南极的卡比斯环形山内持续阴影的区域，喷射出碎片、灰尘和蒸汽。第二艘“牧羊”号航天器观测到了这种物质，该航天器携带了九种仪器，包括相机、光谱仪和辐射计。由水蒸气和冰引起的近红外吸收和由羟基引起的紫外线辐射都证明碎片中有水。仪器视野内的最大水蒸气和水冰总量为155 +/- 12公斤。考虑到估计挖掘出的风化层总质量达到阳光，因此可以观察到，LCROSS撞击地点风化层中水冰的浓度估计为5.6 +/- 2.9%。除水外，还观察到一些其他挥发性化合物的光谱带，包括轻质烃、含硫物质和二氧化碳。
Several remote observations have indicated that water ice may be presented in permanently shadowed craters of the Moon. The Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) mission was designed to provide direct evidence (1). On 9 October 2009, a spent Centaur rocket struck the persistently shadowed region within the lunar south pole crater Cabeus, ejecting debris, dust, and vapor. This material was observed by a second "shepherding" spacecraft, which carried nine instruments, including cameras, spectrometers, and a radiometer. Near-infrared absorbance attributed to water vapor and ice and ultraviolet emissions attributable to hydroxyl radicals support the presence of water in the debris. The maximum total water vapor and water ice within the instrument field of view was 155 +/- 12 kilograms. Given the estimated total excavated mass of regolith that reached sunlight, and hence was observable, the concentration of water ice in the regolith at the LCROSS impact site is estimated to be 5.6 +/- 2.9% by mass. In addition to water, spectral bands of a number of other volatile compounds were observed, including light hydrocarbons, sulfur-bearing species, and carbon dioxide.