Oral conditions and dysphagia in Japanese, community-dwelling middle- and older- aged adults, independent in daily living.
Oral conditions and dysphagia in Japanese, community-dwelling middle- and older- aged adults, independent in daily living.
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DOI：
10.2147/cia.s132637
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kobayashi W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inui A;Takahashi I;Kurauchi S;Soma Y;Oyama T;Tamura Y;Noguchi T;Murashita K;Nakaji S;Kobayashi W
吞咽困难的预防、早期发现和有效康复是老龄化社会需要考虑的重要问题。先前的研究表明，吞咽困难与其潜在风险因素之间的关系存在相互矛盾的结果，包括年龄，营养不良，口腔状况，生活方式和病史。在此，我们评估了在日本社区居住的50- 79岁成年人中吞咽困难的患病率及其与潜在危险因素的关系。在这项研究中，有532名参与者（185名男性和347名女性）。积极回答“你有时会被茶和汤等饮料/食物呛到吗？”问题的参与者或出现异常重复性唾液吞咽试验结果的患者被诊断为吞咽困难。从这些参与者中收集的数据包括：牙齿数量，口腔干燥的发生率，年龄，体重指数，血清白蛋白浓度，吸烟，饮酒和运动习惯，疾病的存在，如糖尿病和高血压，以及简易精神状态检查的问题。在33例男性（17.8%）和76例女性（21.9%）中观察到吞咽困难。为探讨潜在危险因素对吞咽困难患病率的影响，采用多因素Logistic回归分析建立模型。使用强迫输入法，口腔干燥（男性OR =3.683和P=0.003;女性OR =1.797和P=0.032）和牙齿数量（男性OR =0.946和P=0.038）与吞咽困难显著相关。这项横断面研究证明了口腔疾病和吞咽困难之间的关联。在50岁以上的社区居民中，口腔干燥和牙齿数量等因素可能比年龄、生活方式和合并症更容易导致吞咽困难。
Prevention, early detection and effective rehabilitation of dysphagia are important issues to be considered in an aging society. Previous studies have shown conflicting findings regarding the association between dysphagia and its potential risk factors, including age, malnutrition, oral conditions, lifestyle and medical history. Herein, we assessed the prevalence and association of dysphagia with potential risk factors in 50- to 79-year-old adults dwelling in a community in Japan. In this study, there were 532 participants (185 males and 347 females). Participants who responded positively to the question “Do you sometimes choke on drinks/food such as tea and soup?” or those who presented with abnormal repetitive saliva swallowing test findings were diagnosed with dysphagia. The data collected from these participants included the following: number of teeth, occurrence of oral dryness, age, body mass index, serum albumin concentration, smoking, drinking and exercise habits, presence of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and questions from the Mini–Mental State Examination. Dysphagia was observed in 33 males (17.8%) and 76 females (21.9%). To explore the effect of the potential risk factors on the prevalence of dysphagia, a model was built by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Using the forced entry method, oral dryness (odds ratio [OR] =3.683 and P=0.003 in males; OR =1.797 and P=0.032 in females) and the number of teeth (OR =0.946 and P=0.038 in males) were found to be significantly related to dysphagia. This cross-sectional study demonstrated associations between oral conditions and dysphagia. Factors such as oral dryness and number of teeth may contribute to dysphagia more so than aging, lifestyle and comorbidity in community-dwelling adults over the age of 50.