Active transportation to school - Trends among US schoolchildren, 1969-2001
Active transportation to school - Trends among US schoolchildren, 1969-2001
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2007.02.022
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
McDonald, Noreen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonald, Noreen C.
背景：超重儿童比例不断上升，人们开始关注步行和骑自行车上学，以此作为提高儿童体育活动水平的一种手段。尽管受到如此关注，但很少有文献记录过去 30 年学校旅行的趋势，也很少分析导致学校旅行模式选择变化的原因。 方法：本文分析了美国交通部 1969 年、1977 年、1983 年、1990 年、1995 年和 2001 年全国个人交通调查的数据，记录了总体和分组中主动通勤上学的学生比例，并进行了分析旅行、儿童和其他因素的相对影响 各调查年份的家庭特征。所有分析均于 2006 年完成。 结果：全国个人交通调查数据显示，1969 年，40.7%（95% 置信区间 [CI] = 37.9-43.5）的学生步行或骑自行车上学；到 2001 年，这一比例为 12.9%（95% CI = 11.8-13.9）。随着时间的推移，到学校的距离不断增加，这可能是到校交通出行减少的一半原因。在整个调查年份中，它对步行或骑自行车的决定也有最大的影响。结论：学校旅行者中主动交通的比率下降代表着令人担忧的身体活动损失。政策制定者应继续支持旨在鼓励儿童步行上学的项目，例如安全上学路线和疾病控制与预防中心的 KidsWalk。此外，官员需要制定政策，鼓励学校建在社区内，以确保到学校的距离不超过可接受的步行距离。
Background: Rising rates of overweight children have focused attention on walking and biking to school as a means to increase children's physical activity levels. Despite this attention, there has been little documentation of trends in school travel over the past 30 years or analysis of what has caused the changes in mode choice for school trips.Methods: This article analyzes data from the 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995, and 2001 National Personal Transportation Survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Transportation to document the proportion of students actively commuting to school in aggregate and by subgroups and analyze the relative influence of trip, child, and household characteristics across survey years. All analyses were done in 2006.Results: The National Personal Transportation Survey data show that in 1969, 40.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 37.9-43.5) of students walked or biked to school; by 2001, the proportion was 12.9% (95% CI = 11.8-13.9). Distance to school has increased over time and may account for half of the decline in active transportation to school. It also has the strongest influence on the decision to walk or bike across survey years.Conclusions: Declining rates of active transportation among school travelers represents a worrisome loss of physical activity. Policymakers should continue to support programs designed to encourage children to walk to school such as Safe Routes to School and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's KidsWalk. In addition, officials need to design policies that encourage schools to be placed within neighborhoods to ensure that the distance to school is not beyond an acceptable walking distance.