Capturing Stakeholders’ Challenges of the Food–Water–Energy Nexus—A Participatory Approach for Pune and the Bhima Basin, India
Capturing Stakeholders’ Challenges of the Food–Water–Energy Nexus—A Participatory Approach for Pune and the Bhima Basin, India
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DOI：
10.3390/su14095323
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Raphael Karutz;I. Omann;S. Gorelick;C. Klassert;H. Zozmann;Yuanzao Zhu;S. Kabisch;A. Kindler;A. J. Figueroa;Ankun Wang;Karin Küblböck;Hans Grohs;P. Burek;M. Smilovic;B. Klauer
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文献类型：
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作者：
Raphael Karutz;I. Omann;S. Gorelick;C. Klassert;H. Zozmann;Yuanzao Zhu;S. Kabisch;A. Kindler;A. J. Figueroa;Ankun Wang;Karin Küblböck;Hans Grohs;P. Burek;M. Smilovic;B. Klauer
粮食-水-能源关系的系统模型面临着一个概念上的困难：将当地利益攸关方的观点系统地纳入一个连贯的分析框架。我们提出了一个新的程序，共同生产和系统化的利益相关者知识的现实生活中的复杂性，并将其打造成一个明确的挑战。这些被归类为压力-状态-反应（PSIR）框架，该框架最终指导开发一个与当地利益攸关方的需求密切协调的概念系统模型。我们采用这种方法的情况下，新兴的大城市浦那和Bhima盆地在印度。通过利益相关者研讨会，涉及75个资源使用者和专家，我们确定了22个单独的挑战。它们包括气候变化和城市化等外部压力，以及农业地下水过度抽取和土地使用变化等内部压力。这些压力改变了Bhima盆地的系统状态，其特点是水和能源供应系统效率低下，区域稀缺。由此对社会的影响包括粮食、水和能源供应不足以及流域农民的生计挑战。在概念系统模型内对政策反应的评价显示了关联子系统之间复杂的因果相互作用。一个单一的应对行动，如推广太阳能农业，可能会影响到多个挑战。由此产生的区域FWE系统的简明画面服务于资源使用者，决策者和研究人员，以评估城市FWE系统背景下的长期政策。虽然所呈现的结果是特定的案例研究，该方法可以转移到任何其他FWE节点系统。
Systems models of the Food–Water–Energy (FWE) nexus face a conceptual difficulty: the systematic integration of local stakeholder perspectives into a coherent framework for analysis. We present a novel procedure to co-produce and systematize the real-life complexity of stakeholder knowledge and forge it into a clear-cut set of challenges. These are clustered into the Pressure–State–Response (PSIR) framework, which ultimately guides the development of a conceptual systems model closely attuned to the needs of local stakeholders. We apply this approach to the case of the emerging megacity Pune and the Bhima basin in India. Through stakeholder workshops, involving 75 resource users and experts, we identified 22 individual challenges. They include exogenous pressures, such as climate change and urbanization, and endogenous pressures, such as agricultural groundwater over-abstraction and land use change. These pressures alter the Bhima basin’s system state, characterized by inefficient water and energy supply systems and regional scarcity. The consequent impacts on society encompass the inadequate provision with food, water, and energy and livelihood challenges for farmers in the basin. An evaluation of policy responses within the conceptual systems model shows the complex cause–effect interactions between nexus subsystems. One single response action, such as the promotion of solar farming, can affect multiple challenges. The resulting concise picture of the regional FWE system serves resource users, policymakers, and researchers to evaluate long-term policies within the context of the urban FWE system. While the presented results are specific to the case study, the approach can be transferred to any other FWE nexus system.