Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination
Duration of antiviral immunity after smallpox vaccination
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DOI：
10.1038/nm917
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
Slifka, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammarlund, E;Lewis, MW;Slifka, MK
虽然通过世界卫生组织全球根除计划的努力，自然发生的天花已经被消灭，但天花仍然有可能被故意释放。在这里，我们研究的规模和持续时间的抗病毒免疫诱导的一个或多个天花疫苗。我们发现，在25-75年前接种疫苗的志愿者中，超过90%的人仍然保持着对牛痘（用于接种天花疫苗的病毒）的大量体液或细胞免疫（或两者兼而有之）。抗病毒抗体反应在接种疫苗后1-75年保持稳定，而抗病毒T细胞反应缓慢下降，半衰期为8-15年。如果这些免疫水平被认为至少是部分保护，那么与故意天花爆发相关的发病率和死亡率将大大降低，因为大量先前接种疫苗的个体中预先存在免疫力。
Although naturally occurring smallpox was eliminated through the efforts of the World Health Organization Global Eradication Program, it remains possible that smallpox could be intentionally released. Here we examine the magnitude and duration of antiviral immunity induced by one or more smallpox vaccinations. We found that more than 90% of volunteers vaccinated 25-75 years ago still maintain substantial humoral or cellular immunity (or both) against vaccinia, the virus used to vaccinate against smallpox. Antiviral antibody responses remained stable between 1-75 years after vaccination, whereas antiviral T-cell responses declined slowly, with a half-life of 8-15 years. If these levels of immunity are considered to be at least partially protective, then the morbidity and mortality associated with an intentional smallpox outbreak would be substantially reduced because of preexisting immunity in a large number of previously vaccinated individuals.