Whole genome sequencing revealed host adaptation-focused genomic plasticity of pathogenic Leptospira.
Whole genome sequencing revealed host adaptation-focused genomic plasticity of pathogenic Leptospira.
复制标题
全基因组测序揭示了致病性钩端螺旋体以宿主适应为中心的基因组可塑性
DOI：
10.1038/srep20020
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发表时间：
2016-02-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wang J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu Y;Zhu Y;Wang Y;Chang YF;Zhang Y;Jiang X;Zhuang X;Zhu Y;Zhang J;Zeng L;Yang M;Li S;Wang S;Ye Q;Xin X;Zhao G;Zheng H;Guo X;Wang J
钩端螺旋体病，由致病性钩端螺旋体属引起，最近被认为是一种新出现的全球性传染病。尽管其严重性和全球性的重要性，知识的分子发病机制和毒力演变的钩端螺旋体属。仍然有限。在这里，我们对代表全球来源的102株分离株进行了测序和分析。在不同的钩端螺旋体物种中观察到高的基因组变异性，这归因于大量的基因获得和丢失事件，允许适应特定的生态位条件和不断变化的宿主环境。水平基因转移和基因复制允许逐步收购致病性钩端螺旋体的毒力因子从最近的共同祖先。更重要的是，特定的毒力相关的蛋白质家族，如金属蛋白酶相关的旁系同源物，丰富的扩展，专门确定在致病性物种，反映了这些蛋白质家族的重要性，在钩端螺旋体病的发病机制。我们的观察还表明，正选择在该细菌对宿主的适应中起着至关重要的作用。这些新的发现可能会导致更好地了解钩端螺旋体属的全球多样性和毒力进化。
Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., has recently been recognized as an emerging infectious disease worldwide. Despite its severity and global importance, knowledge about the molecular pathogenesis and virulence evolution of Leptospira spp. remains limited. Here we sequenced and analyzed 102 isolates representing global sources. A high genomic variability were observed among different Leptospira species, which was attributed to massive gene gain and loss events allowing for adaptation to specific niche conditions and changing host environments. Horizontal gene transfer and gene duplication allowed the stepwise acquisition of virulence factors in pathogenic Leptospira evolved from a recent common ancestor. More importantly, the abundant expansion of specific virulence-related protein families, such as metalloproteases-associated paralogs, were exclusively identified in pathogenic species, reflecting the importance of these protein families in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. Our observations also indicated that positive selection played a crucial role on this bacteria adaptation to hosts. These novel findings may lead to greater understanding of the global diversity and virulence evolution of Leptospira spp.