Physical versus Imagined Communities: Migration and Women's Autonomy in India.
Physical versus Imagined Communities: Migration and Women's Autonomy in India.
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DOI：
10.1080/1369183x.2019.1585016
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Desai S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatterjee E;Desai S
印度有大约4亿国内移民。1983年至2007- 2008年期间，印度境内永久移民的比例有所上升，其中大部分是女性婚姻移民。然而，分析印度女性婚姻移民福祉的文献有限。本文旨在探讨妇女在公共领域的自主权是否是一个功能：a）的地理社区，妇女居住，或B）想象的社区（妇女的家庭所属的社区的心态），使用多层次的混合效应逻辑回归和有序逻辑回归。该研究分析了2012年印度人类发展调查（IHDS）的数据，针对34，000多名年龄在15-49岁之间的已婚女性，研究发现，（妇女家庭所属种姓/次种姓的婚姻移徙规范）比妇女移徙到的实际社区更重要，在妇女的身体自主权和参与公民活动的自主权的某些方面。相反，妇女的经济自主权是“想象”和“实际”共同体的功能。因此，为结婚而移徙的妇女所能获得的机会是由两个地理社区决定的，更重要的是，是由她所在社区关于婚姻移徙的规范决定的。
India has about 400 million internal migrants. The proportion of permanent internal migrants in India has risen between 1983 and 2007–08, and much of this increase is attributed to female marriage migrants. However, there is limited literature analyzing the well-being of female marriage migrants in India. This paper seeks to examine whether women’s autonomy in the public sphere is a function of: a) the geographical community where the woman resides, or b) imagined communities (the mindset of the communities to which the woman’s family belongs), using multilevel mixed-effects logistic and ordered logistic regression. Analyzing data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS), 2012, for more than 34,000 ever-married women aged 15–49 years, the study finds that the communities in the mind (norms about marriage migration in the caste/sub-caste to which the woman’s family belongs) are more important than the physical communities to which the women have migrated, in relation to certain aspects of women’s physical autonomy and autonomy to participate in civic activities. In contrast, a woman’s economic autonomy is a function of both ‘imagined’ and ‘physical’ communities. Thus, the opportunities available to women who migrate for marriage are shaped by both geographical communities, and more importantly, by the norms in her community about marriage migration.