Fundamental limits of pulsed quantum light spectroscopy: Dipole moment estimation
Fundamental limits of pulsed quantum light spectroscopy: Dipole moment estimation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.107.062601
复制
发表时间：
2023-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Datta, Animesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albarelli, Francesco;Bisketzi, Evangelia;Datta, Animesh
研究了用量子光行脉冲探测量子物质系统时估计系统参数精度的基本极限。我们特别关注脉冲与二能级原子之间相互作用强度的估计，相当于偶极矩的估计。我们对单光子脉冲的分析强调了吸收光谱测量中原子吸收光子所获得的信息与自发发射对光子时间模式的扰动之间的相互作用。在单光子范围之外，我们引入了一个近似模型来研究在短脉冲极限下光的更一般状态，在这种情况下自发发射可以被忽略。我们还表明，对于大量的纠缠双光子态，与原子相互作用的信号模式和空闲模式之间的量子纠缠没有提供基本的优势，并且可以在可分离状态下获得相同的精度。最后，我们研究了用量子光估计钠原子的电偶极矩。我们的工作为发展量子光谱学的理论和实践开创了一种量子信息论方法。
We study the fundamental limits of the precision of estimating parameters of a quantum matter system when it is probed by a traveling pulse of quantum light. In particular, we focus on the estimation of the interaction strength between the pulse and a two-level atom, equivalent to the estimation of the dipole moment. Our analysis of single-photon pulses highlights the interplay between the information gained from the absorption of the photon by the atom as measured in absorption spectroscopy and the perturbation to the temporal mode of the photon due to spontaneous emission. Beyond the single-photon regime, we introduce an approximate model to study more general states of light in the limit of short pulses, where spontaneous emission can be neglected. We also show that for a vast class of entangled biphoton states, quantum entanglement between the signal mode interacting with the atom and the idler mode provides no fundamental advantage and the same precision can be obtained with a separable state. We conclude by studying the estimation of the electric dipole moment of a sodium atom using quantum light. Our work initiates a quantum information-theoretic methodology for developing the theory and practice of quantum light spectroscopy.