Amygdala damage impairs emotional memory for gist but not details of complex stimuli
Amygdala damage impairs emotional memory for gist but not details of complex stimuli
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DOI：
10.1038/nn1413
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Buchanan, TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adolphs, R;Tranel, D;Buchanan, TW
神经生物学研究证明了杏仁核在情绪记忆中的作用，心理学研究表明了一种特殊的模式：增强对复杂刺激要点的记忆，但不增强对细节的记忆。我们假设这两个发现是相关的。正常对照 (n = 52) 和脑损伤对照 (n = 22) 在编码环境为情绪时表现出预期的要点记忆增强，而包括杏仁核在内的内侧颞叶单侧损伤的人 (n = 16) 则没有表现出这种模式。此外，杏仁核体积与要点记忆呈显着正相关，但与整体记忆无关。对四名患有选择性内侧颞叶损伤而未杏仁核的受试者和一名患有仅限于杏仁核的选择性损伤的受试者进行的进一步研究证实了这种效应对杏仁核的特异性。这些数据支持一个模型，即杏仁核将处理资源集中在要点上，可能解释了现实生活中创伤记忆和目击者证词的特征。
Neurobiological studies demonstrate the amygdala's role in emotional memory, and psychological studies suggest a particular pattern: enhanced memory for the gist but not the details of complex stimuli. We hypothesized that these two findings are related. Whereas normal ( n = 52) and brain- damaged ( n = 22) controls showed the expected enhancement of gist memory when the encoding context was emotional, persons with unilateral damage to the medial temporal lobe including the amygdala ( n = 16) did not show this pattern. Furthermore, amygdala volume showed a significant positive correlation with gist memory but not with overall memory. A further study in four subjects with selective medial temporal damage sparing the amygdala, and one with selective damage confined to the amygdala, confirmed the specificity of this effect to the amygdala. The data support a model whereby the amygdala focuses processing resources on gist, possibly accounting for features of traumatic memories and eyewitness testimony in real life.