Effects of exposure to nixtamalization liquid on bone collagen δ13C and δ15N and archaeological implications

Effects of exposure to nixtamalization liquid on bone collagen δ13C and δ15N and archaeological implications
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暴露于碱法溶液对骨胶原 Ύ´13C 和 Ύ´15N 的影响及考古学意义

DOI:
10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.101935
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lange, Emily R.
Lange, Emily R.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Colaninno, Carol E.;Hadden, Carla S.;Springman, Shana J.;Chick, John H.;Allison, Julia R.;Brauer, Maria S.;Camp, Courtney A.;Huaylinos, Alexander C.;Klush, Sarah A.;Lange, Emily R.

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稳定同位素在动物考古学中的应用很普遍,然而,许多烹饪和沉积后过程对动物化石化学成分的影响却知之甚少。美洲人通过碱法处理玉米,这是一种通过在碱性溶液中浸泡和烹饪来制备谷物的方法。一旦被丢弃,蒸煮废水可能已经接触到其他食物废物,如骨头。我们研究了碱性暴露对鱼骨胶原蛋白中稳定同位素(δ 13 C和δ 15 N)的影响。骨结构的四个现代短鼻雀鳝(Lepisosteus platostomus),在北美东部动物考古学组合的一个共同确定的类群,暴露于四个不同的碱度和暴露时间的治疗。未处理和处理的样品之间的δ 13 C值没有观察到显著差异。长时间暴露于高碱性溶液导致骨胶原δ 15 N值偏移约-0.44 ‰。导致这种变化所需的极端条件表明,碱法处理的副产物对考古骨胶原δ 13 C和δ 15 N值的影响可以忽略不计。
The use of stable isotopes in zooarchaeology is common; however, the effects of many cooking and post-depositional processes on the chemical composition of faunal remains are understood poorly. People of the Americas processed maize through nixtamalization, a method of preparing grains by soaking and cooking them in an alkaline solution. Once discarded, nixtamalization wastewater may have contacted other food waste, such as bone. We examine the effects of alkaline exposure on stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in fish bone collagen. Bony structures of four modern shortnose gar (Lepisosteus platostomus), a commonly identified taxon in eastern North American zooarchaeological assemblages, were exposed to four treatments that varied in alkalinity and duration of exposure. No significant differences were observed between treated and untreated specimens in δ13C values. Prolonged exposure to a highly alkaline solution caused a shift in bone collagen δ15N values of approximately −0.44‰. The extreme conditions required to cause this shift suggests that the byproduct of nixtamalization would have negligible effects on archaeological bone collagen δ13C and δ15N values.
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