Event-related potentials discriminate familiar and unusual goal outcomes in 5-month-olds and adults.
Event-related potentials discriminate familiar and unusual goal outcomes in 5-month-olds and adults.
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事件相关电位可区分 5 个月大的婴儿和成人熟悉的和不寻常的目标结果。
DOI：
10.1037/dev0000376
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Reid VM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michel C;Kaduk K;Ní Choisdealbha Á;Reid VM
先前的事件相关电位（ERP）研究表明，动作序列的神经加工随着年龄的增长而发展。虽然成人和9个月大的婴儿使用语义处理系统，但感知动作会激活7个月大的婴儿的注意力过程。然而，呈现一系列的动作情境、动作执行和动作结论可能会对婴儿正在发展的工作记忆能力构成挑战。一个高度熟悉的动作的缩短的刺激呈现，仅呈现进食动作的动作结论，因此可能使更年幼的婴儿能够进行语义处理。本研究探讨了在成人和婴儿在5个月大的预期和意想不到的行动结论的处理的神经相关。我们分析了反映语义处理（N400），注意过程（婴儿的负中心; P1，N2在成人）和婴儿的正慢波（PSW），熟悉的标记的ERP组件。在婴儿中，与预期结果相比，左额叶通道上的PSW在响应意外时增强。我们没有发现ERP波反映语义处理或外显注意机制的条件之间的差异。在成年人中，除了P1和N2上的注意过程存在差异外，N400仅在对意外的动作结果做出反应时发生，这表明即使没有完整的动作序列也会发生语义处理。结果表明，婴儿已经敏感的行动结果的差异，虽然基本的机制，这是基于熟悉的是相对初级相比，成人。这一发现表明，在发育过程中，不同的认知机制参与了动作处理。
Previous event-related potential (ERP) work has indicated that the neural processing of action sequences develops with age. Although adults and 9-month-olds use a semantic processing system, perceiving actions activates attentional processes in 7-month-olds. However, presenting a sequence of action context, action execution and action conclusion could challenge infants’ developing working memory capacities. A shortened stimulus presentation of a highly familiar action, presenting only the action conclusion of an eating action, may therefore enable semantic processing in even younger infants. The present study examined neural correlates of the processing of expected and unexpected action conclusions in adults and infants at 5 months of age. We analyzed ERP components reflecting semantic processing (N400), attentional processes (negative central in infants; P1, N2 in adults) and the infant positive slow wave (PSW), a marker of familiarity. In infants, the PSW was enhanced on left frontal channels in response to unexpected as compared to the expected outcomes. We did not find differences between conditions in ERP waves reflecting semantic processing or overt attentional mechanisms. In adults, in addition to differences in attentional processes on the P1 and the N2, an N400 occurred only in response to the unexpected action outcome, suggesting semantic processing taking place even without a complete action sequence being present. Results indicate that infants are already sensitive to differences in action outcomes, although the underlying mechanism which is based on familiarity is relatively rudimentary when contrasted with adults. This finding points toward different cognitive mechanisms being involved in action processing during development.
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