The grammar of headshake: a typological perspective on German Sign Language negation
The grammar of headshake: a typological perspective on German Sign Language negation
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摇头的语法：德国手语否定的类型学视角
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
R. Pfau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Pfau
句子否定在德国手语（DGS）中特别有趣，因为它涉及手动和非手动元素的组合。手动成分是否定助词NOT，非手动成分是（至少）伴随谓词的左右摇头。在本文中，我认为，尽管这种特殊性，DGS适合整齐的类型学计划，已提出的基础上，否定模式证明了整个口语。特别是，我认为DGS表现出分裂否定，即否定助词与否定词缀结合。然而，这种否定词缀在本质上是特征性的，并且引发了与声调语言中的声调变化相媲美的韵律变化。来自一些非洲语言的数据表明，类似的韵律修改也证明了口语否定。
Sentential negation in German Sign Language (DGS) is particularly interesting, because it involves the combination of a manual and a non-manual element. The manual element is the negative particle NOT, the non-manual component is a sideto-side headshake which accompanies (at least) the predicate. In this paper, I argue that, despite this peculiarity, DGS fits neatly into the typological scheme that has been proposed on the basis of negation patterns attested across spoken languages. In particular, I claim that DGS shows split negation whereby a negative particle is combined with a negative affix. This negative affix, however, is featural in nature and triggers a prosodic change comparable to tone changes in tone languages. Data from a number of African languages illustrate that similar prosodic modifications are also attested in spoken language negation.