Surface chemical heterogeneous distribution in over-lithiated Li(1+x)CoO(2) electrodes.

Surface chemical heterogeneous distribution in over-lithiated Li(1+x)CoO(2) electrodes.
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过锂化 Li1 xCoO2 电极中的表面化学不均匀分布

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-34161-4
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发表时间:
2022-10-29
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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在商用锂离子电池中,内部短路或过锂化经常会导致电极的结构变化,并可能导致安全风险。在此,我们研究了LiCoO 2/石墨袋电池的过放电机制,特别是空间分辨LiCoO 2电极的形态,表面相和局部电子结构。利用同步辐射X射线衍射技术和拉曼光谱技术,结合光谱模拟,我们证明过锂化反应是一种表面效应,伴随着Co还原和表面结构向Li 2CoO 2/Co 3 O 4/CoO/Li 2 O类相的转变。这种表面化学分布变化与LiCoO 2颗粒的深度和暴露的晶面以及粘合剂/导电添加剂的分布有关。理论计算证实了Li 2CoO 2-相具有比LiCoO 2-相更低的电子/离子电导率,进一步揭示了导电添加剂的分布对表面化学非均匀性演化的关键作用。我们的研究结果,这种表面现象是不平凡的,并强调了能力的同步辐射为基础的X射线技术研究空间化学相的异质性。
In commercial Li-ion batteries, the internal short circuits or over-lithiation often cause structural transformation in electrodes and may lead to safety risks. Herein, we investigate the over-discharged mechanism of LiCoO2/graphite pouch cells, especially spatially resolving the morphological, surface phase, and local electronic structure of LiCoO2 electrode. With synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and Raman mapping, together with spectroscopy simulations, we demonstrate that over-lithiation reaction is a surface effect, accompanied by Co reduction and surface structure transformation to Li2CoO2/Co3O4/CoO/Li2O-like phases. This surface chemical distribution variation is relevant to the depth and exposed crystalline planes of LiCoO2 particles, and the distribution of binder/conductive additives. Theoretical calculations confirm that Li2CoO2-phase has lower electronic/ionic conductivity than LiCoO2-phase, further revealing the critical effect of distribution of conductive additives on the surface chemical heterogeneity evolution. Our findings on such surface phenomena are non-trivial and highlight the capability of synchrotron-based X-ray techniques for studying the spatial chemical phase heterogeneity.
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