ON EVOLUTIONARY ADJUSTMENT OF SPONTANEOUS MUTATION RATES
ON EVOLUTIONARY ADJUSTMENT OF SPONTANEOUS MUTATION RATES
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DOI：
10.1017/s0016672300010284
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发表时间：
1967-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
KIMURA, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KIMURA, M
从群体遗传学的观点讨论了通过自然选择倾向于降低突变率的进化因素和倾向于增加突变率的进化因素。本文重新检验了作者基于最小遗传负荷原理的最优突变率理论，假定突变率在进化过程中是以使突变负荷和替代负荷之和最小的方式进行调节的。另一种假说也被检验，即只有降低突变率的选择才是有效的，每个生物体中目前的突变率代表了自然选择可能达到的物理或生理极限，不能排除自发突变率接近遗传物质目前组织方式下可能达到的最低值的可能性，同时，在使遗传负荷最小化的意义上，离最佳值并不太远。
Evolutionary factors which tend to decrease the mutation rate through natural selection and those which tend to increase the mutation rate are discussed from the standpoint of population genetics. The author's theory of optimum mutation rate based on the principle of minimum genetic load is re-examined, assuming that mutation rate is adjusted in the course of evolution in such a way that the sum of mutational and substitutional load is minimized. Another hypothesis is also examined that only selection toward lowering the mutation rate is effective and the present mutation rate in each organism represents the physical or physiological limit that may be attained by natural selection.The possibility cannot be excluded that the spontaneous mutation rate is near the minimum that may be attained under the present mode of organization of the genetic material, and at the same time is not very far from the optimum in the sense of minimizing the genetic load.