Numerical modeling of an estuary: A comprehensive skill assessment
Numerical modeling of an estuary: A comprehensive skill assessment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2004jc002691
复制
发表时间：
2005-05
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Warner;W. Geyer;J. Lerczak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Warner;W. Geyer;J. Lerczak
使用一个地形追随的三维模型（区域海洋建模系统（ROMS））对哈德逊河河口进行的数值模拟，与在43天期间内大量的时间序列以及空间分辨测量结果进行了比较，在此期间潮汐力和河流流量有很大变化。该模型在重现观测到的盐度和水流结构的时间变化方面特别有效，包括潮汐、大小潮以及河流流量引起的变化。模型定性和定量地捕捉到了小潮和大潮之间分层的大幅观测变化。观测到的纵向盐度梯度的结构和变化也得到了很好的重现。模型和数据之间最显著的差异在于垂直盐度结构。虽然表底盐度差得到了很好的重现，但模型中的分层往往一直延伸到水面，而观测结果表明存在明显的密度跃层和表面混合层。由于南部边界条件位于河口附近，区域内的盐度对边界处盐度的设定特别敏感。基于盐度的局部值，开发了一个水平盐度梯度的边界条件，以纳入模型未解决的开放边界之外的物理过程。模型结果对底部粗糙度长度和垂直稳定函数的设定很敏感，因为它们影响垂直混合的强度。在k - ε、k - ω和k - kL不同的湍流闭合方法之间，结果只有轻微差异。
[i] Numerical simulations of the Hudson River estuary using a terrain-following, three-dimensional model (Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)) are compared with an extensive set of time series and spatially resolved measurements over a 43 day period with large variations in tidal forcing and river discharge. The model is particularly effective at reproducing the observed temporal variations in both the salinity and current structure, including tidal, spring neap, and river discharge-induced variability. Large observed variations in stratification between neap and spring tides are captured qualitatively and quantitatively by the model. The observed structure and variations of the longitudinal salinity gradient are also well reproduced. The most notable discrepancy between the model and the data is in the vertical salinity structure. While the surface-to-bottom salinity difference is well reproduced, the stratification in the model tends to extend all the way to the water surface, whereas the observations indicate a distinct pycnocline and a surface mixed layer. Because the southern boundary condition is located near the mouth the estuary, the salinity within the domain is particularly sensitive to the specification of salinity at the boundary. A boundary condition for the horizontal salinity gradient, based on the local value of salinity, is developed to incorporate physical processes beyond the open boundary not resolved by the model. Model results are sensitive to the specification of the bottom roughness length and vertical stability functions, insofar as they influence the intensity of vertical mixing. The results only varied slightly between different turbulence closure methods of k-e, k-ω, and k-kl.