Remote sensing of geomagnetic fields and atomic collisions in the mesosphere.

Remote sensing of geomagnetic fields and atomic collisions in the mesosphere.
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中层中的地磁场和原子碰撞的遥感。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-06396-7
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发表时间:
2018-09-28
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Rochester S
Rochester S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pedreros Bustos F;Bonaccini Calia D;Budker D;Centrone M;Hellemeier J;Hickson P;Holzlöhner R;Rochester S

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磁场传感对板块构造理论的形成、地球地下结构的绘制以及对其他行星磁性的研究都做出了贡献。填补了天基观测和近地观测之间的空白,我们演示了在85-100 公里高度对地磁场的远程测量。该方法包括用强度调制的激光束对中间层中的钠原子进行光学泵浦,以及在Larmor进动频率附近对产生的磁光共振进行地面观测。在这里,我们验证了这项技术,并测量了钠的拉莫尔进动频率和相应的磁场,精度水平为0.28 mg Hz−1/2。这些观测结果允许表征中间层中的原子碰撞过程。对中层磁场的远程探测具有潜在的应用前景,如绘制岩石层的磁结构图、监测空间天气和电离层的电流。遥感中间层地磁场是探索磁场结构和原子碰撞过程的一个具有挑战性和趣味性的课题。在这里,作者展示了一种原子磁力计,它利用钠原子中的拉莫尔频率,在千米范围内工作。
Magnetic-field sensing has contributed to the formulation of the plate-tectonics theory, mapping of underground structures on Earth, and the study of magnetism of other planets. Filling the gap between space-based and near-Earth observations, we demonstrate a remote measurement of the geomagnetic field at an altitude of 85–100 km. The method consists of optical pumping of atomic sodium in the mesosphere with an intensity-modulated laser beam, and ground-based observation of the resultant magneto-optical resonance near the Larmor precession frequency. Here we validate this technique and measure the Larmor precession frequency of sodium and the corresponding magnetic field with an accuracy level of 0.28 mG Hz−1/2. These observations allow the characterization of atomic-collision processes in the mesosphere. Remote detection of mesospheric magnetic fields has potential applications such as mapping magnetic structures in the lithosphere, monitoring space weather, and electric currents in the ionosphere. Remote sensing of geomagnetic fields in mesosphere is both challenging and interesting to explore the magnetic field structures and atomic collision processes. Here the authors demonstrate an atomic magnetometer that utilizes the Larmor frequency in sodium atoms and operates in kilometers range.
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