Design of the Readout Electronics for the BGO Calorimeter of DAMPE Mission
Design of the Readout Electronics for the BGO Calorimeter of DAMPE Mission
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DOI：
10.1109/tns.2015.2479091
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
C. Feng;Deliang Zhang;Junbin Zhang;Shanshan Gao;Di Yang;Yunlong Zhang;Zhiyong Zhang;Shubin Liu;Q. An
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Feng;Deliang Zhang;Junbin Zhang;Shanshan Gao;Di Yang;Yunlong Zhang;Zhiyong Zhang;Shubin Liu;Q. An
DAMPE(暗物质粒子探测器)是中国正在研制的一颗科学卫星，旨在研究宇宙射线、伽马射线天文，并在不久的将来寻找暗物质粒子的线索。BGO量热计由616根光电倍增管和1848个倍增管信号组成，是DAMPE有效载荷的重要组成部分，用于测量宇宙线粒子的能量，区分感兴趣的粒子和背景，并提供触发信息。研制了一个由16个前端电子模块组成的电子系统，总功耗约为26W。它的主要功能是基于低功耗的32通道VA160和VATA160 ASIC(专用集成电路)，用于精确测量PMT信号的电荷并提供“命中”信号。为了确保在恶劣空间环境下的长期可靠性，考虑了辐射硬度、热设计、元器件和板级质量控制等一系列关键问题。测试结果表明，每个通道的系统级ENC(等效噪声电荷)在均方根(RMS)中约为10FC，命中信号的定时不确定度约为300 ns，均满足探测器的物理要求。用60Co放射源进行的实验表明，20kRad(Si)TID(总电离剂量)达到了20kRad(Si)TID(总电离剂量)水平，而重离子束和激光测试表明，采取一定的硬度措施，其在轨单粒子闭锁(SEL)和单粒子翻转(SEU)性能是可以接受的。所有读出模块都顺利通过了板级筛选、分系统级和卫星系统级环境测试，并在欧洲核子研究组织的束流测试中表现良好。
The DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) is a scientific satellite being developed in China, aimed at cosmic ray study, gamma ray astronomy, and searching for the clue of dark matter particles in the near future. The BGO (Bismuth Germanate Oxide) Calorimeter, which consists of 616 PMTs (photomultiplier tubes) and 1848 dynode signals, is a crucial part of the DAMPE payload for measuring the energy of cosmic ray particles, distinguishing interesting particles from background, and providing trigger information. An electronics system, which consists of 16 FEE (Front End Electronics) modules with a total power consumption of about 26 W, has been developed. Its main functions are based on the low power, 32-channel VA160 and VATA160 ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) for precisely measuring the charge of PMT signals and providing“hit”signals as well. To assure the long-term reliability in harsh space environment, a series of critical issues such as the radiation hardness, thermal design, components and board level quality control, etc., are taken into consideration. Test result showed that the system level ENC (equivalent noise charge) for each channel is about 10 fC in RMS (root mean square), and the timing uncertainty of the hit signals is about 300 ns, both of which satisfy the physics requirements of the detector. Experiments with 60Co radioactive source proved that 20 krad(Si) TID (Total Ionizing Dose) level is achieved, while the heavy ion beam and laser beam tests indicated that its SEL (Single Event Latch-up) and SEU (Single Event Upset) performance in orbit will be acceptable by taking some hardness measures. All the readout modules successfully passed the board-level screening, the sub-system level and finally the satellite system level environmental tests, and behave well in the beam test at CERN (European Organisation for Nuclear Research).