The development and testing of small concentrating PV systems
The development and testing of small concentrating PV systems
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DOI：
10.1016/s0038-092x(00)00045-1
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发表时间：
1999-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
G. R. Whitfield;R. Bentley;C. Weatherby;A. C. Hunt;H. Mohring;F. Klotz;P. Keuber;J. Miñano;E. Alarte-Garvi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. R. Whitfield;R. Bentley;C. Weatherby;A. C. Hunt;H. Mohring;F. Klotz;P. Keuber;J. Miñano;E. Alarte-Garvi
已使用图表比较了大约90种可能适用于偏远地区的小型光伏聚光器设计。它们的孔径约为2平方米，使用BP Solar LBG电池，并采用小孔径模块以降低散热和施工成本。设计包括固定的V形槽和CPC，单轴跟踪圆柱透镜和反射镜系统，以及双轴跟踪球对称系统。性能和批量生产成本进行了估计。四个有前途的系统被构建为原型：原型在阅读进行了测试，三个在德国的WIDDERSTALL测试基地进行了长达一年的现场试验。对于收集器A、B、C和F，归一化到25°C并且排除线性系统的末端损失的最佳系统效率分别为12.5%、13.2%、13.6%和14.3%。收集器是实用和稳健的，收集器B、C和F的性能仅比电子表格计算中的估计值低10%。最好的收集器估计生产成本在1.5和1.8美元/Wp之间，在好的地点产生的能量成本（不包括BOS和间接费用）在5和7美分/kWh（18和25美分/MJ）之间。在相同的成本基础上，传统的光伏阵列成本为4.3美元/Wp和18美分/kWh（65美分/MJ）。
Spreadsheets have been used to compare some 90 possible small PV concentrator designs that might be suitable for use at remote sites. They have apertures of about 2 m2, use BP Solar LBG cells, and employ small aperture modules to reduce heat sinking and construction costs. Designs include fixed V-troughs and CPCs, single axis tracked cylindrical lens and mirror systems, and two-axis tracked spherical-symmetry systems. Performance and volume production costs were estimated. Four promising systems were constructed as prototypes: The prototypes were tested at Reading, and three for up to a year’s field trial at ZSW’s test site, Widderstall, in Germany. The best system efficiencies, normalised to 25°C and excluding the end losses of linear systems, were 12.5%, 13.2%, 13.6% and 14.3% for collectors A, B, C, and F, respectively. The collectors were practical and robust, and the performances of collectors B, C and F are only 10% below the estimates in the spreadsheet calculations. The best collectors have estimated production costs between 1.5 and 1.8 US $/Wp, yielding energy costs at a good site (excluding BOS and overheads) of between 5 and 7 cents/kWh (18 and 25 cents/MJ). On the same cost basis a conventional PV array costs 4.3 $/Wp, and 18 cents/kWh (65 cents/MJ).