The challenge of the social and the pressure of practice : science and values revisited
The challenge of the social and the pressure of practice : science and values revisited
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社会的挑战与实践的压力：科学与价值观的再审视
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Janet A. Kourany
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin Carrier;Don Howard;Janet A. Kourany
在“社会的挑战和实践的压力”中，哲学家，社会学家和科学史学家提供了一个多学科的观点，在当代和历史背景下，科学和社会价值观的复杂相互关系。他们分析了商业化和政治化对认识愿望的影响，以及相反，在当今社会中“实际相关”科学所带来的伦理困境。例如，在过去25年中，许多科学研究都是由支持它的资金来指导的，这对研究成果的质量和真实的知识的进步有什么影响？贡献者揭示了社会价值观如何影响客观性，理论和调查方向，并在“专业知识”和“社会稳健知识”等主题中研究外部价值体系的副产品。他们认为科学自身的内在价值体系，早期社会价值观与科学过程的脱节，以及“无价值”科学的可接受性。“社会的挑战和实践的压力”提出了一个深入的分析，将价值观的作用置于哲学辩论的中心，并提出了道德，信誉和价值观在科学探究中的未来作用的问题。
In "The Challenge of the Social and the Pressure of Practice", philosophers, sociologists, and historians of science offer a multidisciplinary view of the complex interrelationships of values in science and society in both contemporary and historic contexts. They analyze the impact of commercialization and politicization on epistemic aspirations, and, conversely, the ethical dilemmas raised by "practically relevant" science in today's society. For example, much scientific research over the past quarter century has been guided by the financing that supports it. What effect has this had on the quality of research produced and the advancement of real knowledge?The contributors reveal how social values affect objectivity, theory, and the direction of inquiry, and examine the byproducts of external value systems in topics such as "expertise" and "socially robust knowledge," among others. They view science's own internal value systems, the earlier disconnection of societal values from the scientific process, and the plausibility of "value free" science." The Challenge of the Social and the Pressure of Practice" presents an in-depth analysis that places the role of values at the center of philosophical debate and raises questions of morality, credibility, and the future role of values in scientific inquiry.