The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles
The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles
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DOI：
10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00336-6
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tan, NCB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deitzel, JM;Kleinmeyer, J;Tan, NCB
静电纺丝是一种通过施加在聚合物溶液或熔体上的外部电场的作用产生直径在亚微米范围内的连续聚合物纤维的工艺。与商业纺织品相比，由静电纺丝纤维组成的非织造纺织品具有大的比表面积和小的孔径，使其成为用于过滤和膜应用的优秀候选者。虽然静电纺丝工艺已经被知晓超过半个世纪，但是目前对该工艺和影响由其生产的纤维的性质的那些参数的理解非常有限。在这项工作中，我们系统地评估了两个最重要的工艺参数：纺丝电压和溶液浓度，对所形成的纤维的形态的影响。我们发现，纺丝电压与纤维中珠缺陷的形成密切相关，并且电流测量可用于发信号通知珠缺陷密度大幅增加的加工电压的开始。已发现溶液浓度最强烈地影响纤维尺寸，纤维直径根据幂律关系随着溶液浓度的增加而增加。此外，已经发现从高浓度溶液中进行静电纺丝产生纤维尺寸的双峰分布，这让人想起在电喷雾的类似液滴产生过程中观察到的分布。此外，我们发现静电效应影响静电纺织品的宏观形态，并可能导致形成异质或三维结构的证据。(C)2000爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Electrospinning is a process that produces continuous polymer fibers with diameters in the sub-micron range through the action of an external electric field imposed on a polymer solution or melt. Non-woven textiles composed of electrospun fibers have a large specific surface area and small pore size compared to commercial textiles, making them excellent candidates for use in filtration and membrane applications. While the process of electrospinning has been known for over half a century, current understanding of the process and those parameters, which influence the properties of the fibers produced from it, is very limited. In this work, we have evaluated systematically the effects of two of the most important processing parameters: spinning voltage and solution concentration, on the morphology of the fibers formed. We find that spinning voltage is strongly correlated with the formation of bead defects in the fibers, and that current measurements may be used to signal the onset of the processing voltage at which the bead defect density increases substantially. Solution concentration has been found to most strongly affect fiber size, with fiber diameter increasing with increasing solution concentration according to a power law relationship. In addition, electrospinning from solutions of high concentration has been found to produce a bimodal distribution of fiber sizes, reminiscent of distributions observed in the similar droplet generation process of electrospray. In addition, we find evidence that electrostatic effects influence the macroscale morphology of electrospun textiles, and may result in the formation of heterogeneous or three-dimensional structures. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.