Socioeconomic disparities in sexually transmitted infections among young adults in the United States: examining the interaction between income and race/ethnicity.
Socioeconomic disparities in sexually transmitted infections among young adults in the United States: examining the interaction between income and race/ethnicity.
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DOI：
10.1097/olq.0b013e31829529cf
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Kawachi I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harling G;Subramanian S;Bärnighausen T;Kawachi I
有相当多的证据表明，在美国，性传播感染（STI）风险的种族/民族模式。还有证据表明，较贫穷的人面临的性传播感染风险更高。关于种族/民族和收入的相互作用的证据有限，特别是在全国范围内的个人层面。在一项美国全国范围的研究中，我们检查了年轻人中性传播感染的社会经济梯度模式，并确定了这些梯度如何随种族/民族而变化。我们估计了衣原体、淋病或滴虫病的累积诊断患病率（通过自我报告或实验室确认）的年轻人（18-26岁）西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人、黑人和其他收入五分位数的人在Add Health数据集中。我们运行回归模型来评估这些关系，调整了个人和学校水平的协变量。性传播感染诊断与种族/民族身份和低收入独立相关，尽管种族/民族差异比基于收入的差异大得多。在所有种族/族裔类别中，STI风险随收入增加呈负梯度，但对非白人来说更强。在决定如何针对美国的性传播感染预防工作时，应该考虑经济和种族/民族因素。可能需要特别关注贫穷、种族/少数民族妇女。
There is considerable evidence of racial/ethnic patterning of sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk in the United States (US). There is also evidence that poorer persons are at increased STI risk. Evidence regarding the interaction of race/ethnicity and income is limited, particularly nationally at the individual level. We examined the pattern of socioeconomic gradients in STI infection amongst young people in a nationwide US study, and determined how these gradients varied by race/ethnicity. We estimated the cumulative diagnosis prevalence of Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea or Trichomoniasis (via self-report or laboratory confirmation) for young adults (ages 18-26) Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks, and Others across income quintiles in the Add Health dataset. We ran regression models to evaluate these relationships adjusting for individual- and school-level covariates. STI diagnosis was independently associated with both racial/ethnic identity and with low income, although the racial/ethnic disparities were much larger than income-based ones. A negative gradient of STI risk with increasing income was present within all racial/ethnic categories, but was stronger for non-Whites. Both economic and racial/ethnic factors should be considered in deciding how to target STI prevention efforts in the US. Particular focus may be warranted for poor, racial/ethnic minority women.