Levels of Nonstructural Carbohydrate in Leaves and Roots and Some Characteristics of Chloroplasts after Application of Different Amounts of Nitrogen Fertilizer to Peach Seedlings
Levels of Nonstructural Carbohydrate in Leaves and Roots and Some Characteristics of Chloroplasts after Application of Different Amounts of Nitrogen Fertilizer to Peach Seedlings
复制标题
桃苗施用不同量氮肥后叶、根中非结构碳水化合物含量及叶绿体的一些特征
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.68.717
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Nishimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Ali;N. Nii;K. Yamaguchi;M. Nishimura
以500毫升盆栽的一年生桃树为试材，研究了土壤施氮量对桃树叶片和根系非结构性碳水化合物积累以及叶绿体某些特性的影响。以NH 4 NO3形式施用的氮的量如下：0 mg/盆（N-0）、75 mg/盆（N-75）、150 mg/盆（N-150）、300 mg/盆（N-300）和600 mg/盆（N-600）。N-150和N-300株的茎叶重和新梢长最大，而N-75和N-150株的根重最大。在N-0和N-600树中，地上部和根系生长显著降低。叶片叶绿素含量（μg cm-2）、可溶性总糖（%干重）、叶片和根系含氮量（%干重）随施氮量的增加而增加，而叶片淀粉含量与施氮量成反比。叶中山梨醇的量（%鲜重）与树的生长速率成正比。叶绿素在N-600叶片中被4 ′，6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚染色比在N-0叶片中更重;染色集中在叶绿体的外围，表明淀粉的积累。随着施氮量的增加，二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶加氧酶（RuBisCO）的活性增加，在施氮量为300和600时达到最大值。根系中可溶性总糖含量高，根系淀粉含量与根系生长成反比。
The effects of different amounts of nitrogen, applied in the soil, on the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrate in leaves and roots were determined as well as on some characteristics of chloroplasts in one-year-old peach trees (Prunus persica) grown in 500-ml pots. The amounts of nitrogen, applied as NH4NO3, were as follows : 0 mg/pot (N-0), 75 mg/pot (N-75), 150 mg/pot (N-150), 300 mg/pot (N-300), and 600 mg/pot (N-600). The weights of stems and leaves and shoot length were greatest in N-150 and N-300 trees, whereas root weights were heaviest in N-75 and N-150 trees. Shoot and root growth was significantly reduced in N-0 and N-600 trees. Leaf chlorophyll content (μg cm-2), total soluble sugar (% dry weight), and nitrogen content (% dry weight) of leaves and roots increased with increased application of nitrogen, whereas starch content of leaves was inversely proportional to the amount of nitrogen administered. The amount of sorbitol (% fresh weight) in leaves was proportional to the growth rate of the trees. Chlorophyll was stained more heavily by 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole in N-600 leaves than in N-0 leaves ; the staining concentrated at the periphery of chloroplasts, indicating an accumulation of starch. The level of the enzyme, ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO), increased with increased applied nitrogen, reaching maximum at N-300 and N-600. Total soluble sugar in roots was high in vigorous trees, where root starch content was inversely proportional to root growth.