Intentional retrieval suppression can conceal guilty knowledge in ERP memory detection tests.
Intentional retrieval suppression can conceal guilty knowledge in ERP memory detection tests.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.04.012
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Richardson-Klavehn, Alan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergstroem, Zara M.;Anderson, Michael C.;Buda, Marie;Simons, Jon S.;Richardson-Klavehn, Alan
记忆提取的大脑活动标志物被用于刑事犯罪的测试。这些测试假设记忆的神经标记在自愿控制之外。我们测试了参与者是否能抑制与记忆相关的大脑活动。压制是非常成功的，大大减少了内疚检测。我们的研究结果表明，记忆检测测试的核心假设是不合理的。犯罪知识的脑活动标记物已被推广为确定刑事罪责的准确和可靠的措施。基于这些标记的测试将与记忆相关的神经活动的存在或不存在解释为诊断嫌疑人大脑中是否存储了犯罪信息。这一结论严重依赖于一个未经检验的假设，即犯罪的提醒会不受控制地引发与记忆相关的大脑活动。然而，最近的研究表明，在某些情况下，人类可以通过故意抑制检索来控制他们是否记得以前的经历。我们研究了人们是否可以使用提取抑制来隐藏由事件相关电位（ERP）索引的犯罪记忆的神经证据。当人们被激励去抑制犯罪回忆时，他们与记忆相关的ERP效应显著降低，从而使有罪的人逃避检测。我们的研究结果表明，犯罪知识的大脑措施可能是在犯罪分子的故意控制和地方限制他们在法律的设置使用。
Brain activity markers of memory retrieval are used in tests of criminal guilt. These tests assume neural markers of memory are outside voluntary control. We tested whether participants could suppress memory-related brain activity. Suppression was highly successful, significantly reducing guilt detection. Our results indicate that a core assumption of memory detection tests is unjustified. Brain-activity markers of guilty knowledge have been promoted as accurate and reliable measures for establishing criminal culpability. Tests based on these markers interpret the presence or absence of memory-related neural activity as diagnostic of whether or not incriminating information is stored in a suspect's brain. This conclusion critically relies on the untested assumption that reminders of a crime uncontrollably elicit memory-related brain activity. However, recent research indicates that, in some circumstances, humans can control whether they remember a previous experience by intentionally suppressing retrieval. We examined whether people could use retrieval suppression to conceal neural evidence of incriminating memories as indexed by Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). When people were motivated to suppress crime retrieval, their memory-related ERP effects were significantly decreased, allowing guilty individuals to evade detection. Our findings indicate that brain measures of guilty knowledge may be under criminals’ intentional control and place limits on their use in legal settings.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Anderson, MC;Green, C
通讯作者：
Green, C
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Dzulkifli, MA;Wilding, EL
通讯作者：
Wilding, EL
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
JOHNSON, R
通讯作者：
JOHNSON, R
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Bergstroem, Zara M.;de Fockert, Jan;Richardson-Klavehn, Alan
通讯作者：
Richardson-Klavehn, Alan
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Hanslmayr, Simon;Leipold, Philipp;Baeuml, Karl-Heinz
通讯作者：
Baeuml, Karl-Heinz