B‐cell activation 2000
B‐cell activation 2000
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B细胞激活2000
DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.00620.x
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
K. Tsukida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Tsukida
当我们站在基因组时代的边缘时，对抗体产生如何调节的研究既重要又多样化，正如本卷的文章所例证的那样。尽管我们已经在细胞和分子水平上对 B 细胞激活有了相当多的了解，但这个问题的许多方面仍有待阐明。本书回顾了我们在这一领域的大部分理解，并强调了当前的许多未知之处，尽管由于篇幅限制，该领域有许多重要的贡献者，他们对此主题的想法无法包括在内。而且，免疫学评论最近报道的相关主题，例如生发中心反应和免疫球蛋白基因的体细胞突变，也没有被纳入。在此，我简要强调一下本卷中提出的一些令人兴奋的发现和想法。 B 细胞抗原受体结构和功能 控制抗体产生的核心是 B 细胞抗原受体 (BCR) 的功能，它是膜免疫球蛋白与 Ig-a 和 Ig-B 的一个或多个异二聚体之间的复合物。后者的成分参与细胞的信号传导机制，将有关抗原结合的信息传递到细胞内部。多年来，该领域的主要假设是寡价或多价抗原与 BCR 的结合导致受体聚集，进而激活信号反应。这实际上是如何发生的尚未得到证实。一种观点认为，Src 家族酪氨酸激酶预先与 BCR 结合，因此受体聚集使 Ig-O 和 Ig-B 的细胞质尾部及其基于免疫受体酪氨酸的激活基序 (ITAM) 与与其他受体结合的酪氨酸激酶相邻。这将促进 ITAM 酪氨酸的磷酸化，然后作为另一个内部的结合位点。
As we stand on the edge of the genome era, research into how antibody production is regulated is both vital and diverse, as exemplified by the articles of this volume. Although we have achieved a considerable understanding of B-cell activation at the cellular and molecular level, there are many aspects of this problem that remain to be elucidated. This volume reviews much of our understanding in this area and highlights many of the current unknowns although, due to space constraints, there are many important contributors to this area whose thoughts on the topic could not be included. Moreover, related topics that have recently been covered by Immunological Reviews, such as the germinal center reaction and somatic mutation of immunoglobulin genes, have not been included. Here Ibriefly highlight just a few of the exciting findings and ideas that are presented in this volume.B-cell antigen receptor structure and function Central to the control of antibody production is the function of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR), which is a complex between membrane immunoglobulin and one or more heterodimers of Ig-a and Ig-B. The latter components engage the signaling machinery of the cell to transmit information about antigen binding to the interior of the cell. For many years, the predominant hypothesis in the field has been that binding of oligova-lent or multivalent antigen to the BCR results in receptor clustering, which in turn activates the signaling reactions. How this would actually occur has not been demonstrated. One view is that Src-family tyrosine kinases are prebound to the BCR, such that receptor clustering brings the cytoplasmic tails of Ig-o and Ig-B, with their immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs), adjacent to tyrosine kinases bound to other receptors. This would promote phosphorylation of the ITAM tyrosines, which then serve as binding sites for another intra-