Antimicrobial peptides and colitis.
Antimicrobial peptides and colitis.
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DOI：
10.2174/13816128130108
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Koon HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho S;Pothoulakis C;Koon HW
抗菌肽是天然免疫的重要组成部分。它们通常在结肠炎症和感染时表达。在过去的几年里，人们对几种抗菌肽的作用进行了探索。许多AMP（β防御素HBD 2 -4和抗菌肽）的基因表达响应于肠道微生物侵入粘膜屏障而被诱导。一些AMP以组成型方式表达（α防御素HD 5-6和β防御素HBD 1），而其他AMP（防御素和杀菌/通透性增加蛋白BPI）由于改变的防御素表达或针对杀菌/通透性增加蛋白（BPI）的自身抗体的产生而与炎性肠病（IBD）特别相关。各种抗菌肽具有不同的抗菌谱和抗菌强度。一些可能在调节结肠炎（cathelicidin）中发挥重要作用，而其他（乳铁蛋白，铁调素）可能代表疾病活动的生物标志物。AMP用于治疗目的仍处于早期开发阶段。在小鼠结肠炎模型中，当静脉内或结肠内递送（抗菌肽、弹力素和SLPI）时，一些天然AMP显示能够调节结肠炎。新的AMP（合成或人工非人肽）正在开发中，可能代表了新的结肠炎治疗方法。本文综述了AMP领域的最新研究进展，重点是先天免疫和结肠炎的病理生理学。
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of innate immunity. They are often expressed in response to colonic inflammation and infection. Over the last several years, the roles of several antimicrobial peptides have been explored. Gene expression of many AMPs (beta defensin HBD2-4 and cathelicidin) is induced in response to invasion of gut microbes into the mucosal barrier. Some AMPs are expressed in a constitutive manner (alpha defensin HD 5-6 and beta defensin HBD1), while others (defensin and bactericidal/permeability increasing protein BPI) are particularly associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) due to altered defensin expression or development of autoantibodies against Bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI). Various AMPs have different spectrum and strength of antimicrobial effects. Some may play important roles in modulating the colitis (cathelicidin) while others (lactoferrin, hepcidin) may represent biomarkers of disease activity. The use of AMPs for therapeutic purposes is still at an early stage of development. A few natural AMPs were shown to be able to modulate colitis when delivered intravenously or intracolonically (cathelicidin, elafin and SLPI) in mouse colitis models. New AMPs (synthetic or artificial non-human peptides) are being developed and may represent new therapeutic approaches against colitis. This review discusses the latest research developments in the AMP field with emphasis in innate immunity and pathophysiology of colitis.