Yes T cells, but three different T cells (alphabeta, gammadelta and NK T cells), and also B-1 cells mediate contact sensitivity.
Yes T cells, but three different T cells (alphabeta, gammadelta and NK T cells), and also B-1 cells mediate contact sensitivity.
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
P. Askenase
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Askenase
通过免疫淋巴细胞转移接触敏感性（CS）反应是区分细胞免疫和体液免疫的第一个发现。CS仍然是体内研究最多的T细胞反应，并且是各种迟发型超敏反应（DTH）的原型。DTH本质上是效应性T细胞从血管中募集到外周组织中。然后T细胞被抗原呈递细胞激活以产生促炎细胞因子。人们一直认为，只有γ-T细胞是负责的，但最近的研究表明，其他三个淋巴细胞亚群参与：CS诱导NK T细胞，CS启动B-1细胞，CS辅助γ-T细胞。因此，效应字母T细胞是必不可少的，但如果没有免疫后迅速（1天）由B-1细胞产生的IgM抗体的局部作用，就无法招募到组织中。IgM与攻击抗原复合以局部活化补体，从而导致T细胞募集所需的血管活化。这个过程发生在诱导期的早期（1-2小时），称为CS-起始。必需的CS诱导NK T细胞通过在免疫后快速（1小时）产生IL-4来激活B-1细胞，并且γ δ-T细胞辅助募集的CS效应子γ-T细胞的局部炎症功能。因此，需要四种淋巴细胞亚群来引发应答：CS诱导NK T细胞、CS起始B-1细胞、CS辅助γ δ-T细胞，最后是CS效应γ-T细胞。这四种细胞类型中的三种存在于过继转移CS：B-1细胞、γ δ-T细胞和γ-T细胞的免疫淋巴样细胞群中。
Transfer of contact sensitivity (CS) responses by immune lymphoid cells was the first finding that distinguished cellular from humoral immunity. CS has remained the most studied T cell reaction in vivo, and is the prototype for a variety of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. DTH in essence is the recruitment of effector alphabeta-T cells out of vessels into peripheral tissues. The T cells then are activated by antigen presenting cells to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. It has been assumed that the alphabeta-T cells alone are responsible, but recent studies show that three other lymphocyte subsets are involved: CS-inducing NK T cells, CS-initiating B-1 cells, and CS-assisting gammadelta-T cells. Therefore, the effector alphabeta-T cells are essential, but cannot be recruited into the tissues without the local action of IgM antibodies produced by B-1 cells rapidly (1 day) post-immunization. The IgM complexes with the challenge antigen to locally activate complement to lead to vascular activation required for T cell recruitment. This process occurs early (1-2 hours) in the elicitation phase, and is called CS-initiation. The essential CS-inducing NK T cells activate the B-1 cells by producing IL-4 rapidly (1 hour) after immunization, and gammadelta-T cells assist the local inflammatory function of the recruited CS-effector alphabeta-T cells. Thus, four lymphocyte subsets are required for elicitation of responses: CS-inducing NK T cells, CS-initiating B-1 cells, CS-assisting gammadelta-T cells, and finally the CS-effector alphabeta-T cells. Three of these four cell types are present in the immune lymphoid cell population that adoptively transfers CS: B-1 cells, gammadelta-T cells, and the alphabeta-T cells.