HOW MUCH DOES LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS INCREASE THE RISK OF PRENATAL AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN FIRST-TIME MOTHERS?
HOW MUCH DOES LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS INCREASE THE RISK OF PRENATAL AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN FIRST-TIME MOTHERS?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.whi.2009.11.003
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Lee, Kathryn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goyal, Deepika;Gay, Caryl;Lee, Kathryn A.
Objective.探讨社会经济地位（SES）作为妊娠晚期和产后早期抑郁症状的危险因素。第二个目标是确定SES是否是产后抑郁症状升高的一个特定危险因素，而不是其对产前抑郁症的贡献。定量、二次分析、重复测量、描述性设计。参与者是从为中上阶层妇女服务的有偿分娩班和为北方加利福尼亚州低收入客户服务的医疗补助资助医院招募的。对198名初产妇在妊娠晚期和产后1、2、3个月的抑郁症状进行了评估。抑郁症状采用流行病学调查中心抑郁量表（CES-D）进行测量。低SES与妊娠后期以及2个月和3个月时的抑郁症状增加相关，但与产后1个月时无关。有四个SES危险因素的妇女（低月收入、低于大学教育程度、未婚、失业）在产后3个月时临床抑郁评分升高的可能性是没有SES危险因素的妇女的11倍，即使在控制了产前抑郁水平后。虽然来自社会经济地位各阶层的新妈妈都有患产后抑郁症的风险，但在本样本中，社会经济地位因素（包括低教育、低收入、未婚和失业）增加了患产后抑郁症的风险。
Objective. To examine socioeconomic status (SES) as a risk factor for depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and the early postpartum period. A secondary objective was to determine whether SES was a specific risk factor for elevated postpartum depressive symptoms beyond its contribution to prenatal depressive symptoms.Design. Quantitative, secondary analysis, repeated measures, descriptive design.Setting. Participants were recruited from paid childbirth classes serving upper middle class women and Medicaid-funded hospitals serving low-income clients in Northern California.Participants. A sample of 198 first-time mothers was assessed for depressive symptoms in their third trimester of pregnancy and at 1, 2, and 3 months postpartum.Main Outcome Measure. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale.Results. Low SES was associated with increased depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and at 2 and 3 months, but not at 1 month postpartum. Women with four SES risk factors (low monthly income, less than a college education, unmarried, unemployed) were 11 times more likely than women with no SES risk factors to have clinically elevated depression scores at 3 months postpartum, even after controlling for the level of prenatal depressive symptoms.Conclusion. Although new mothers from all SES strata are at risk for postpartum depression, SES factors including low education, low income, being unmarried, and being unemployed increased the risk of developing postpartum depressive symptoms in this sample.