Using SWAT to Model Streamflow in Two River Basins With Ground and Satellite Precipitation Data 1
Using SWAT to Model Streamflow in Two River Basins With Ground and Satellite Precipitation Data 1
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00276.x
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发表时间：
2009-02
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Tobin;M. Bennett
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作者：
K. Tobin;M. Bennett
摘要：地面雨量计和遥感降水（下一代天气雷达 - NEXRAD 第三阶段）数据均已用于支持空间分布式水文建模。这项研究的独特之处在于，它利用并比较了国家气象局 (NWS) 雨量计、NEXRAD 第三阶段和热带降雨测量任务 (TRMM) 3B42（第 6 版）数据的性能，以对德克萨斯州南部的中努埃西斯河流域和德克萨斯州南部和墨西哥北部的中里奥格兰德流域进行水文建模。本研究选择的水文模型是土壤和水评估工具 (SWAT)，它是一种基于物理的综合工具，用于模拟流域水文和河段内的水质。根据之前的研究结果，对选定的模型参数进行了细微调整，以使参数值更加切合实际。在这两个流域中，NEXRAD III 阶段数据在校准（2003 年 7 月 1 日至 2006 年 12 月 31 日）和验证（2007 年）期间，模拟流量与实际流量之间的质量平衡误差较低（±13%），月纳什-萨特克利夫效率系数较高（NS > 0.60）。在中里奥格兰德流域，NEXRAD 第三阶段数据也产生了稳健的每日结果（三天内的平均时间），NS 值为 (0.60‐0.88)。 TRMM 3B42 数据对中里奥格兰德流域的可变质量（MBE = +13 至 -16%；NS = 0.38‐0.94；RMSE = 0.07‐0.65）生成模拟，但大大高估了中努埃塞斯流域校准期间的水流。在校准期间，使用 NWS 雨量计数据无法在两个流域生成可接受的模拟。值得注意的是，我们的研究首次成功证明了卫星估算降水量 (TRMM 3B42) 在支持 SWAT 水文建模方面的效用；因此，有可能扩大遥感降水数据的范围（北纬 50° 到南纬 50° 之间），支持拥有现代地面雷达网络的地区（即第三世界的大部分地区）之外的水文建模。
Abstract: Both ground rain gauge and remotely sensed precipitation (Next Generation Weather Radar – NEXRAD Stage III) data have been used to support spatially distributed hydrological modeling. This study is unique in that it utilizes and compares the performance of National Weather Service (NWS) rain gauge, NEXRAD Stage III, and Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) 3B42 (Version 6) data for the hydrological modeling of the Middle Nueces River Watershed in South Texas and Middle Rio Grande Watershed in South Texas and northern Mexico. The hydrologic model chosen for this study is the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), which is a comprehensive, physical‐based tool that models watershed hydrology and water quality within stream reaches. Minor adjustments to selected model parameters were applied to make parameter values more realistic based on results from previous studies. In both watersheds, NEXRAD Stage III data yields results with low mass balance error between simulated and actual streamflow (±13%) and high monthly Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients (NS > 0.60) for both calibration (July 1, 2003 to December 31, 2006) and validation (2007) periods. In the Middle Rio Grande Watershed NEXRAD Stage III data also yield robust daily results (time averaged over a three‐day period) with NS values of (0.60‐0.88). TRMM 3B42 data generate simulations for the Middle Rio Grande Watershed of variable qualtiy (MBE = +13 to −16%; NS = 0.38‐0.94; RMSE = 0.07‐0.65), but greatly overestimates streamflow during the calibration period in the Middle Nueces Watershed. During the calibration period use of NWS rain gauge data does not generate acceptable simulations in both watersheds. Significantly, our study is the first to successfully demonstrate the utility of satellite‐estimated precipitation (TRMM 3B42) in supporting hydrologic modeling with SWAT; thereby, potentially extending the realm (between 50°N and 50°S) where remotely sensed precipitation data can support hydrologic modeling outside of regions that have modern, ground‐based radar networks (i.e., much of the third world).