Effect of living close to a main road on asthma, allergy, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Effect of living close to a main road on asthma, allergy, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.2008.043885
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Venn, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pujades-Rodriguez, M.;Lewis, S.;Venn, A.
背景：许多流行病学研究表明，居住在靠近主要道路的地区的人患哮喘的风险增加。然而，证据并不一致，并且使用肺功能和过敏致敏等客观测量对哮喘和相关呼吸道和过敏性疾病的影响尚未得到广泛研究。方法：1995年、1996年和2001年，作为全国代表性年度调查英格兰健康调查的一部分，收集了59 285名儿童（2-16岁）和成人的呼吸道和过敏性疾病数据以及人口和生活方式因素。使用地理信息系统软件，我们绘制了每个参与者的家的位置，并计算了到最近的主要道路的距离。我们评估了距离对 50 994 名参与者过去一年中自我报告的喘息、哮喘、湿疹和花粉热的影响，以及对 7 岁以上、11 岁以上和 16 岁以上亚组中的第一秒用力呼气量 (FEV1)、免疫球蛋白 E 和肺活量测定定义的慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 的影响。 结果：居住在距离主干道 150 m 以内的地方与任何年龄组中任何结果变量的风险增加均不显着相关（调整后的比值比范围为 0.85 至 1.05）。此外，几乎没有证据表明，在 0-150 m 范围内，与交通相关的污染物浓度反差最大的范围内，风险随着距离的增加而增加。结论：我们对具有全国代表性的大型人口样本进行的分析，没有提供证据表明居住在英格兰主要道路附近对哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病或过敏性疾病的风险有不利影响。
Background: A number of epidemiological studies suggest that the risk of asthma is increased among those living in close proximity to major roads. However, the evidence is inconsistent, and effects on asthma and related respiratory and allergic conditions using objective measures such as lung function and allergic sensitisation have not been widely investigated.Methods: In 1995, 1996 and 2001 data on respiratory and allergic disease, along with demographic and lifestyle factors, were collected in 59 285 children (aged 2-16 years) and adults as part of the Health Survey for England, a nationally representative annual survey. Using Geographical Information System software, we mapped the location of each participant's home and computed distance to the nearest major road. We estimated the effect of distance on self-reported wheezing in the past year, asthma, eczema and hay fever in 50 994 participants, and on 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), immunoglobulin E and spirometry-defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in subgroups of those aged 7+, 11+ and 16+ years, respectively.Results: Living within 150 m from a major road was not significantly associated with an increased risk of any of the outcome variables in any age group (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 0.85 to 1.05). Furthermore there was little evidence that risk increased with increasing proximity across the 0-150 m range where contrasts in traffic-related pollutant concentrations are greatest.Conclusion: Our analysis of a large and nationally representative population sample did not provide evidence of an adverse effect of living in close proximity to main roads on the risk of asthma, COPD or allergic disease in England.