ECDC/EFSA/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals
ECDC/EFSA/EMA first joint report on the integrated analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4006
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
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中科院分区：
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ECDC、EFSA和EMA首次联合探讨了人类和食用动物的抗菌药物消耗量与人类和食用动物细菌耐药性之间的关系，使用了2011年和2012年从其相关的五个欧盟监测网络获得的数据。使用选定细菌和抗菌剂组合的逻辑回归模型，分析了欧盟成员国和报告国动物和人类抗菌剂消费量和相应耐药性的综合数据。由于在种属水平上无法获得食用动物的消耗量数据，因此计算了主要食用动物种属中耐药菌比例的汇总指标，用于分析。2012年动物和人类的抗菌剂消费数据（均以每千克估计生物量的毫克数表示）的比较显示，动物的抗菌剂总体消费量高于人类，尽管各国之间的情况存在差异。畜牧业中广泛使用的几种抗菌药物在动物中的消耗量高于人类，而对人类医学至关重要的抗菌药物（例如氟喹诺酮类以及第三代和第四代头孢菌素）在人类中的消耗量较高。在人类和动物中，对于大多数研究的组合，观察到抗菌剂的消耗与细菌中相应的耐药性之间的正相关性。在某些情况下，还发现动物的抗菌素消耗量与人类细菌的耐药性之间存在正相关。在强调令人关切的结果的同时，由于目前的数据限制和抗菌素耐药性现象的复杂性，这些结果应谨慎解释，这是由几个因素，除了抗菌素消费的影响。确定了解决此类分析当前数据局限性的建议。无论如何，都应该促进人类和动物负责任地使用抗菌药物。(C)欧洲疾病预防控制中心、欧洲食品安全局、欧洲药品管理局，2015年
The ECDC, the EFSA and the EMA have for the first time jointly explored associations between consumption of antimicrobials in humans and food-producing animals, and antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals, using 2011 and 2012 data currently available from their relevant five EU monitoring networks. Combined data on antimicrobial consumption and corresponding resistance in animals and humans for EU MSs and reporting countries were analysed using logistic regression models for selected combinations of bacteria and antimicrobials. A summary indicator of the proportion of resistant bacteria in the main food-producing animal species was calculated for the analysis, as consumption data in food-producing animals were not available at the species level. Comparison of antimicrobial consumption data in animals and humans in 2012, both expressed in milligrams per kilogram of estimated biomass, revealed that overall antimicrobial consumption was higher in animals than in humans, although contrasting situations were observed between countries. The consumption of several antimicrobials extensively used in animal husbandry was higher in animals than in humans, while consumption of antimicrobials critically important for human medicine (such as fluoroquinolones and 3rd- and 4th-generation cephalosporins) was higher in humans. In both humans and animals, positive associations between consumption of antimicrobials and the corresponding resistance in bacteria were observed for most of the combinations investigated. In some cases, a positive association was also found between antimicrobial consumption in animals and resistance in bacteria from humans. While highlighting findings of concern, these results should be interpreted with caution owing to current data limitations and the complexity of the antimicrobial resistance phenomenon, which is influenced by several factors besides antimicrobial consumption. Recommendations to address current data limitations for analyses of this type were identified. In any case, responsible use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals should be promoted. (C) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, European Food Safety Authority, European Medicines Agency, 2015