Smoking behavior and exposure to tobacco toxicants during 6 months of smoking progressively reduced nicotine content cigarettes.
Smoking behavior and exposure to tobacco toxicants during 6 months of smoking progressively reduced nicotine content cigarettes.
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DOI：
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0644
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发表时间：
2012-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jacob P 3rd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benowitz NL;Dains KM;Hall SM;Stewart S;Wilson M;Dempsey D;Jacob P 3rd
最近的联邦立法授权FDA监管香烟中的尼古丁含量。逐步减少香烟中尼古丁含量的全国性战略是降低香烟成瘾性、防止新吸烟者上瘾和促进现有吸烟者戒烟的潜在途径。我们进行了一项在6个月内逐步减少尼古丁含量的试验，以确定对吸烟行为和烟草烟雾暴露的生物标记物以及心血管影响的影响。135名健康吸烟者被随机分为两组。一个研究小组抽了他们常用的牌子香烟，然后是5种尼古丁含量逐渐降低的研究香烟，每种香烟都抽了一个月。另一组受试者在同一时间段内抽自己品牌的香烟。尼古丁摄入量，如血浆可替宁浓度所示，随着香烟中尼古丁含量的减少而逐渐下降。吸烟和接触一氧化碳和多环芳烃的标志物以及心血管生物标志物保持稳定，而尿4-(甲基亚硝基)-1-(3-吡啶)-1-丁醇(NNAL)排泄量减少。在对照组中，暴露或心血管影响的生物标志物没有显著变化。我们的数据支持这样一个命题，即吸烟者从香烟中摄取的尼古丁可以大幅减少，而不会增加对其他烟草烟雾毒素的暴露。这些发现支持了逐步降低香烟中尼古丁含量的可行性和安全性。
Recent federal legislation gives the FDA authority to regulate the nicotine content of cigarettes. A nationwide strategy for progressive reduction of the nicotine content of cigarettes is a potential way to reduce the addictiveness of cigarettes, to prevent new smokers from becoming addicted and to facilitate quitting in established smokers. We conducted a trial of progressive nicotine content tapering over 6 months to determine the effects on smoking behaviors and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure and cardiovascular effects. 135 healthy smokers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. A research group smoked their usual brand of cigarettes followed by 5 types of research cigarettes with progressively lower nicotine content, each smoked for one month. A control group smoked their own brand of cigarettes for the same period of time. Nicotine intake, as indicated by plasma cotinine concentration, declined progressively as the nicotine content of cigarettes was reduced. Cigarette consumption and markers of exposure to carbon monoxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as cardiovascular biomarkers remained stable, while urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) excretion decreased. No significant changes in biomarkers of exposure or cardiovascular effects were observed in controls. Our data support the proposition that the intake of nicotine from cigarettes of smokers can be substantially lowered without increasing exposure to other tobacco smoke toxins. These findings support the feasibility and safety of gradual reduction of the nicotine content in cigarettes.