Systems Biology, Neuroimaging, Neuropsychology, Neuroconnectivity and Traumatic Brain Injury.
Systems Biology, Neuroimaging, Neuropsychology, Neuroconnectivity and Traumatic Brain Injury.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2016.00055
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Bigler ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bigler ED
遭受创伤性脑损伤(TBI)的患者通常会接受神经成像检查，通常是计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)的形式。在大多数情况下，神经影像的发现是通过描述性陈述进行临床评估的，这些描述性陈述提供了关于视觉上可识别异常的存在/不存在的定性信息；尽管扫描中的潜在信息几乎没有以任何定量的方式进行分析，但在研究环境中除外。幸运的是，特别是在过去十年中，在图像量化技术方面取得了重大进展，特别是那些涉及自动图像分析方法的技术。本文认为，用系统生物学的方法来理解脑外伤的定量神经影像表现，为更好地利用定量神经影像的信息及其与神经心理学结果的关系提供了一个合适的框架。对不同的图像分析方法进行综述，试图将定量神经成像方法与神经心理学结果测量方法相结合，并说明不同的神经成像技术如何从不同方面挖掘与脑外伤相关的神经病理学。同样，通过研究损伤如何影响大脑连通性和神经网络，探索不同的神经病理可能如何与神经心理结果相关。重点放在脑外伤后发生的动态变化以及如何通过不同的神经成像方法最好地捕捉到这些病理变化。然而，传统的临床神经心理学技术不太适合基于当代和先进的神经成像方法和网络分析的解释。需要在对脑损伤个体的认知和行为评估方面做出重大改进，以更好地与基于神经成像的网络分析的进展相结合。从系统生物学的角度来观察神经成像和神经心理学过程，可能代表着该领域的重大进步。
The patient who sustains a traumatic brain injury (TBI) typically undergoes neuroimaging studies, usually in the form of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In most cases the neuroimaging findings are clinically assessed with descriptive statements that provide qualitative information about the presence/absence of visually identifiable abnormalities; though little if any of the potential information in a scan is analyzed in any quantitative manner, except in research settings. Fortunately, major advances have been made, especially during the last decade, in regards to image quantification techniques, especially those that involve automated image analysis methods. This review argues that a systems biology approach to understanding quantitative neuroimaging findings in TBI provides an appropriate framework for better utilizing the information derived from quantitative neuroimaging and its relation with neuropsychological outcome. Different image analysis methods are reviewed in an attempt to integrate quantitative neuroimaging methods with neuropsychological outcome measures and to illustrate how different neuroimaging techniques tap different aspects of TBI-related neuropathology. Likewise, how different neuropathologies may relate to neuropsychological outcome is explored by examining how damage influences brain connectivity and neural networks. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic changes that occur following TBI and how best to capture those pathologies via different neuroimaging methods. However, traditional clinical neuropsychological techniques are not well suited for interpretation based on contemporary and advanced neuroimaging methods and network analyses. Significant improvements need to be made in the cognitive and behavioral assessment of the brain injured individual to better interface with advances in neuroimaging-based network analyses. By viewing both neuroimaging and neuropsychological processes within a systems biology perspective could represent a significant advancement for the field.