Obesity/Overweight and the Role of Working Conditions: A Qualitative, Participatory Investigation.
Obesity/Overweight and the Role of Working Conditions: A Qualitative, Participatory Investigation.
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DOI：
10.1177/1524839915602439
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Punnett L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nobrega S;Champagne N;Abreu M;Goldstein-Gelb M;Montano M;Lopez I;Arevalo J;Bruce S;Punnett L
美国肥胖症患病率的上升引起了人们的严重关注，并显示出惊人的社会经济和种族/民族差异。大多数干预措施针对个人行为，有时与改善社区的物质环境相结合，但很少涉及改变工作环境。由于360万工人的收入等于或低于联邦最低工资，因此必须了解工作条件对低收入工人健康和体重的影响。为了调查这一问题，一个大学-社区伙伴关系成立了一个参与性研究小组，用英语和西班牙语与在各行业从事低工资工作的人进行了八个重点小组的调查。对成绩单的分析确定了四个主题：体力要求高的工作（疾病，受伤，休闲时间的体力活动），心理社会工作压力源（高要求，低控制，低社会支持，待遇差），工作中的食物环境（可用的食物选择，厨房设备）和时间压力（调度，有多个工作和责任）。工作的身体和心理特征被认为是超重的重要前因。特别是，非传统的工作轮班和不灵活的时间表限制了参与者遵守公共卫生建议的饮食和体育活动的能力。解决低收入工人肥胖问题的工作场所计划必须将工作条件的影响作为一个基本出发点。
The rising U.S. prevalence of obesity has generated significant concern and demonstrates striking socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities. Most interventions target individual behaviors, sometimes in combination with improving the physical environment in the community but rarely involving modifications of the work environment. With 3.6 million workers earning at or below the federal minimum wage, it is imperative to understand the impact of working conditions on health and weight for lower income workers. To investigate this question, a university–community partnership created a participatory research team and conducted eight focus groups, in English and Spanish, with people holding low-wage jobs in various industries. Analysis of transcripts identified four themes: physically demanding work (illnesses, injuries, leisure-time physical activity), psychosocial work stressors (high demands, low control, low social support, poor treatment), food environment at work (available food choices, kitchen equipment), and time pressure (scheduling, having multiple jobs and responsibilities). Physical and psychosocial features of work were identified as important antecedents for overweight. In particular, nontraditional work shifts and inflexible schedules limited participants’ ability to adhere to public health recommendations for diet and physical activity. Workplace programs to address obesity in low-wage workers must include the effect of working conditions as a fundamental starting point.