The impact of new land surface physics on the GCM simulation of climate and climate sensitivity
The impact of new land surface physics on the GCM simulation of climate and climate sensitivity
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s003820050276
复制
发表时间：
1999-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Smith, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox, PM;Betts, RA;Smith, J
最近对哈德利中心气候模型的改进包括引入一种名为“MOSES”（英国气象局地表交换计划）的新地表方案。MOSES是在先前方案的基础上建立的，但增加了一个相互作用的植物光合作用和电导模块，以及一个新的土壤热力学方案，该方案模拟了土壤水的冻结和融化，并考虑了土壤热特性对冻结和未冻结成分的依赖。通过比较使用旧（UKMO）和新（MOSES）陆地表面方案进行的1 × CO2和2 × CO2气候模拟，可以证明这些新特征的影响。发现MOSES改进了当前气候的模拟。在秋冬季节，北半球高纬度地区的土壤水分冻结倾向于变暖，而摩西地区土壤水分有效性的增加则缓解了中纬度地区夏季的虚假干燥。相互作用的冠层导度直接响应CO2，随着CO2浓度的增加而抑制蒸腾，并且由于CO2单独的辐射效应而显著增强变暖。
Recent improvements to the Hadley Centre climate model include the introduction of a new land surface scheme called "MOSES" (Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme). MOSES is built on the previous scheme, but incorporates in addition an interactive plant photosynthesis and conductance module, and a new soil thermodynamics scheme which simulates the freezing and melting of soil water, and takes account of the dependence of soil thermal characteristics on the frozen and unfrozen components. The impact of these new features is demonstrated by comparing 1 x CO2 and 2 x CO2 climate simulations carried out using the old (UKMO) and new (MOSES) land surface schemes. MOSES is found to improve the simulation of current climate. Soil water freezing tends to warm the high-latitude land in the northern Hemisphere during autumn and winter, whilst the increased soil water availability in MOSES alleviates a spurious summer drying in the mid-latitudes. The interactive canopy conductance responds directly to CO2, suppressing transpiration as the concentration increases and producing a significant enhancement of the warming due to the radiative effects of CO2 alone.