Could charcoal filtration of cigarette smoke reduce smoking-induced disease? A review of the literature
Could charcoal filtration of cigarette smoke reduce smoking-induced disease? A review of the literature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yrtph.2008.01.001
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Gaworski, Charles L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coggins, Christopher R. E.;Gaworski, Charles L.
对已发表的关于木炭过滤香烟的研究表明，在主流烟雾中发现的许多气相成分的浓度都有所降低。然而，木炭过滤器没有提供减少烟雾颗粒物相成分的明显能力。气相烟雾化学分析物的减少通常与毒理学活性降低的发现相一致，这主要与挥发性烟雾成分的细胞毒性作用减少有关。一项短期临床研究的结果显示，与吸烟非木炭过滤香烟的受试者相比，吸烟木炭过滤香烟的受试者气相烟雾成分的生物标志物略有减少。非常有限的流行病学数据(单一研究)不能证明与非木炭过滤卷烟产品相比，木炭过滤卷烟产品具有确凿的益处。由于缺乏关于滤嘴中使用的木炭的活性的文件，以及对木炭过滤香烟进行研究的不同学科(化学、临床前、临床和流行病学)所使用的产品设计不一致，阻碍了对科学文献的审查。似乎没有任何发表的研究使用了基于一致设计的木炭香烟滤嘴的不同学科的数据组合。尽管目前可用的文献表明，仅靠目前的木炭过滤技术提供的烟雾过滤可能不足以减少与吸烟有关的疾病，但数据有限。因此，对于减少吸烟引起的疾病，使用木炭作为一种烟雾过滤技术的潜在健康益处很难得出明确的结论。(C)2008 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
A review of the published work with charcoal-filtered cigarettes indicates that there are reductions in the concentrations for many gas-vapor phase constituents found in mainstream smoke. However, charcoal filters provided no apparent capacity for reduction of smoke particulate phase components. The reductions in gas-vapor phase smoke chemistry analytes generally correspond with findings of reduced toxicological activity, principally related to a reduction in the cytotoxic action of the volatile smoke constituents. Results of a short-term clinical study show small reductions in the biomarkers of the gas-vapor phase smoke constituents in subjects smoking charcoal-filtered cigarettes, compared to subjects smoking non-charcoal filtered cigarettes. The very limited epidemiology data (a single study) fail to demonstrate a conclusive beneficial effect of charcoal-filtered cigarette products compared to non-charcoal filtered Cigarette products. Review of the scientific literature is hindered due to the lack of documentation regarding the activity of the charcoal used in the filter, and the inconsistency in product designs used between the various different disciplines (chemistry, pre-clinical, clinical and epidemiology) that have conducted studies with charcoal filtered cigarettes. There do not appear to be any published studies using a combination of data from the different disciplines based on a consistently designed charcoal cigarette filter. Although the literature presently available would suggest that smoke filtration provided by current charcoal filter techniques alone may not be substantial enough to reduce smoking-related disease, the data are limited. Therefore, for the reduction of smoking-induced disease, it is difficult to come to a definitive conclusion regarding the potential health benefits of using charcoal as a smoke filtration technology. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.