Open Design Consulting: How to capitalise on and adapt to open source practices for tangible products
Open Design Consulting: How to capitalise on and adapt to open source practices for tangible products
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开放式设计咨询：如何利用和适应有形产品的开源实践
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. McAloone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Asta S. Fjelsted;Gudrun Adalsteinsdottir;T. Howard;T. McAloone
本研究的目的是建立一些基本的理论和实践的概念化的开源实践有形产品，或所谓的开放式设计。这是一种新的和新兴的方法，来自著名的开源软件运动。一直缺乏对这种做法的明确定义，也没有确定目前做法的典型业务模式。此外，尽管开放了产品开发过程，但公司如何使用开放式设计并获得可持续的业务，也没有解释或分步进行的过程。本研究以四家开放式设计公司为研究对象，探讨其设计特色与活动。其中一个案例是Arduino，它受到了特别关注，因为作者有机会与其创始人之一合作。通过面对面访谈和Skype会议收集了经验材料，同时广泛使用了互联网资源。由于缺乏关于开放式设计的文献，一些知识和经验是从“兄弟”范式中汲取的;开放源码软件，特别是与激励因素、管理和业务方面有关的知识和经验。这导致了开放设计的明确定义和原型业务模型，以及开放设计流程，该流程展示了已确定的关键要素以及它们如何在流程中发挥作用。这些是平台，社区，发展，业务和驱动力。然后介绍了开放式设计的6步指南，该指南首先确定公司的外部和内部现状（现状），然后将其转化为开放式设计商业机会方面的未来情景。重点放在可能影响公司商业模式其他方面的收入流的不同可能性上。作者将6步指南视为一个咨询框架，供公司在考虑开放设计时参考。它应该为他们提供一个全面的机会和挑战的场景，并为实施开放设计战略的下一步做好准备。
The objective of this study is to set up some foundational theory and practices for the conceptualisation of open source practices for tangible products, or the so-called Open Design. This is a novel and emerging approach derived from the well-known open source software movement. A clear definition of the practice has been lacking as well as identification of an archetypal business model of current practices. Furthermore no explanation or step-by-step process has been accessible on how companies could use open design and obtain a sustainable business despite opening up the product development process. Four open design companies were chosen as cases for the study to identify their characteristics and activities. One case; Arduino, received a special focus, as the authors had the opportunity to work with one of its founders. Empirical material was gathered through faceto-face interviews and Skype conferences, while internet resources were used extensively. With literature on open design being scarce, some knowledge and experience was drawn from the ‘brother’ paradigm; open source software, especially in relation to motivational factors, management and business aspects. This has lead to a clear definition and archetypal business model for open design, in addition to the Open Design Process, which demonstrates the key elements that have been identified and how they come into play in the process. These are platform, community, development, business and drive. A 6-Step Guide to open design is then introduced which starts by identifying the company’s current situation (As-Is), both externally and internally, for thereafter to translate it into a To-Be scenario in terms of open design business opportunities. Emphasis is laid on the different possibilities of revenue streams that may influence other dimensions of the company’s business model. The authors see the 6-Step Guide as a consultancy framework for companies to walk through when considering open design. It should provide them with a well-rounded scenario of opportunities and challenges and prepare them for the next steps of implementing open design strategies.