Japan-France-US comparison of infant weaning from mother's viewpoint.
Japan-France-US comparison of infant weaning from mother's viewpoint.
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DOI：
10.1080/02646838.2011.649473
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bouville JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negayama K;Norimatsu H;Barratt M;Bouville JF
背景：母乳喂养和断奶与婴儿和母亲的相互自主性密切相关，因此是检验母婴关系特征的良好试金石。断奶实践的比较为理解母婴关系的特点提供了一个框架。目的：本研究的目的是比较三个工业化国家在喂养和断奶行为及其原因、母亲对儿童保育的看法以及对母乳和配方奶粉的看法方面的差异。方法：对310名日本母亲、756名法国母亲和222名美国母亲的4-20个月大婴儿的断奶行为进行了问卷调查。结果：与日本和美国母亲相比，法国母亲预期并已经完成了婴儿更早的断奶。认为母乳不足是日本母亲在早期阶段终止母乳喂养的主要原因，而对法国母亲来说，重返工作岗位是更重要的原因。日本母亲对自己作为母亲的形象更加负面，而法国母亲则更多地感受到照顾孩子的负担。由于感觉到母乳不足而终止母乳喂养的日本母亲也是那些缺乏母乳喂养动机的人。结论：断奶是解释母婴关系中文化差异的重要框架。人们感觉到的母乳喂养不足被解读为解决了母乳喂养的社会压力及其负担之间的冲突。
Background: Breastfeeding and weaning are strongly connected with infant–mother mutual autonomy, and hence are good touchstones to examine the characteristics of the mother–child relationship. Comparison of the weaning practice gives a framework to understand characteristics of the mother–infant relationship. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare three industrialised countries concerning the relationship between feeding and weaning practices and its reasons, mother's perception of child care, and of breast milk and formula. Methods: A questionnaire study on weaning practice was conducted for 310 Japanese, 756 French, and 222 American mothers with 4- to 20-month-old infants. Results: French mothers expected and had accomplished weaning at an earlier age of the infant, compared to Japanese and American mothers. Perceived insufficiency of breast milk was the leading reason for the termination of breastfeeding for Japanese mothers at the earlier stages, whereas back to work was the more important reason for French mothers. Japanese mothers were more negative in their image of themselves as mothers, whereas French mothers felt more burdened by child-care. Japanese mothers who terminated breastfeeding because of perceived breast milk insufficiency were also those who were less motivated to breastfeed. Conclusion: Weaning is a significant framework to interpret cultural differences in mother–infant relationship. The perceived insufficiency is interpreted as a solution of conflict between the social pressure to breastfeed and its burden.