A history of the concept of time of concentration
A history of the concept of time of concentration
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DOI：
10.5194/hess-2019-588
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
K. Beven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Beven
抽象。集水响应分析中的集中时间概念可以追溯到150多年前理性方法的引入。从那时起，它已被用于以各种方式在制定单位线和分布式流域模型。它通常是根据水粒子从集水区最远部分到出水口的流速来讨论的。这也是《国际水文词汇》中定义的基础。虽然概念上很简单，但这个定义在应用于集水区响应时是错误的，在地表和地下水流如何产生过程线方面，讨论和教授基于速度和平衡时间的概念更正确。虽然这一点自20世纪60年代以来就得到了承认，但最近的一些论文和文本仍然对集中时间概念的定义和使用感到困惑。本文阐述了其使用的历史，并澄清了其与平衡时间的关系，但认为这两个术语在解释水文响应方面并不真正有用。附录包括量化的响应时间的定义之间的差异，地下和表面流在简单的假设下，可能是有用的教学。
Abstract. The concept of time of concentration in the analysis of catchment responses dates back over 150 years to the introduction of the rational method. Since then it has been used in a variety of ways in the formulation of both unit hydrograph and distributed catchment models. It is normally discussed in terms of the velocity of flow of a water particle from the furthest part of a catchment to the outlet. This is also the basis for the definition in the International Glossary of Hydrology. While conceptually simple, this definition is, however, wrong when applied to catchment responses where, in terms of how surface and subsurface flows produce hydrographs, it is more correct to discuss and teach the concept based on celerities and time to equilibrium. While this has been recognized since the 1960s, some recent papers and texts remain confused over the definition and use of the time of concentration concept. The paper sets out the history of its use and clarifies its relationship with time to equilibrium but suggests that both terms are not really useful in explaining hydrological responses. An Appendix is included that quantifies the differences between the definitions of response times for subsurface and surface flows under simple assumptions that might be useful in teaching.