Effect of initial fertilisation on biomass and nutrient contentof Norway spruce and Douglas-fir plantations at the same site
Effect of initial fertilisation on biomass and nutrient contentof Norway spruce and Douglas-fir plantations at the same site
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初始施肥对挪威云杉和花旗松同地人工林生物量和养分含量的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00468-005-0030-6
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Ranger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Sicard;L. Saint;D. Gelhaye;J. Ranger
挪威云杉（NS）和道格拉斯冷杉（DF）是法国用于生产林业的主要树种。在低海拔山区和酸性条件下，它们往往处于相同的生态状况。因此，了解这两个物种在相似条件下的行为，以及它们对通过受精改善地点的反应，是至关重要的。研究站是位于Morvan（法国中东部）Breuil-Chenue庄园森林的实验站的一部分。其目的是比较物种变化对生态系统功能的影响。在四个林分内，例如，施肥和对照（未施肥）林分，对每个林分10棵树进行破坏性抽样，分布在胸围高度（c1.30）的所有分类范围内；受精和对照（未受精）DF。计算了1.30与生物量或每树室养分含量之间的异速生长关系。将这些方程应用于林分清查中，以公顷为单位量化林分生物量和养分含量。使用蒙特卡罗模拟估计结果的标准差。重点解释了不同树种和不同处理间差异的来源，即导致特定异速生长关系的碳分配变化、林分结构（树高分布）的变化以及因死亡导致的林分密度变化。DF比NS更具生产力（树木总生物量+28%，木质生物量+50%，茎材生物量+53%）。施肥对NS和DF均有影响，但NS对树冠关系和平均树木生长的影响主要，DF对茎干关系和林分密度的影响主要受土壤肥力变化的影响。一般施肥效应是DF增加40%的木质干物质，而NS只增加22%。在这两种情况下，每单位叶片生物量产生的木材生物量（以树木为基础，在较小程度上以每公顷为基础）在施肥地块中较大。然而，在NS的情况下，由较少数量的叶子产生相同数量的木材生物量，而在DF的情况下，相同数量的叶子产生更多的木材生物量。土壤中氮、磷、钾的养分含量高于土壤中钙、镁的含量，土壤中钙、镁的含量低于土壤中钙、钾的含量。不同室间养分含量差异较大，针叶（Mg除外）DF < NS，茎材（K、Ca、Mg） DF < NS，茎材（N、P） DF < NS。受精并没有显著改变等级制度。在本研究的基础上，林分产量、木材密度、养分利用效率和施肥响应等指标均表现为净优势。这一信息对生态和实际目的都是高度相关的。
Norway spruce (NS) and Douglas-fir (DF) are among the main species used for production forestry in France. In low-elevation mountains and under-acidic conditions, they often occupy the same ecological situations. It is therefore of paramount interest to have a good understanding of how the two species behave under similar conditions and how they react to site improvement by fertilisation. The study stands are part of an experimental stand located in the estate forest of Breuil-Chenue in the Morvan (east central part of France). Its aim is to compare the impact of change in species on ecosystem functions. Destructive sampling of 10 trees per stand, distributed over the whole spectrum of inventoried classes of circumference at breast height (c1.30), was carried out within four stands, e.g., fertilised and control (non-fertilised) NS; fertilised and control (non-fertilised) DF. Allometric relationships betweenc1.30and biomass or nutrient content per tree compartment were calculated. These equations were applied to the stand inventory for quantifying stand biomass and nutrient content on a hectare basis. The standard deviations of results were estimated using Monte-Carlo simulations. Specific emphasis was given to explain the origin of differences observed between species and treatments, i.e., changes in carbon allocation leading to specific allometric relationships, changes in stand structure (tree size distributions) and changes in stand density due to mortality.DF was more productive than NS (+28% for total tree biomass, +50% for ligneous biomass and +53% for stem wood). Both NS and DF were affected by fertilisation but in the case of NS, effects on the crown_c1.30relationship and on average tree growth were predominant while in the case of DF, the stem_c1.30relationship and stand density were affected by changes in soil fertility. The general fertilisation effect was an increment of 40% of ligneous dry matter for DF and only 22% for NS. In both cases, the amount of wood biomass produced per unit of leaf biomass (on a tree basis and, to a lesser extent, on a per hectare basis) was greater in fertilised plots. However, in the case of NS, the same amount of wood biomass was produced from a smaller quantity of leaves while in the case of DF, the same amount of leaves produced more wood biomass.The amount of nutrients in total ligneous biomass was higher for N, P and K, but lower for Ca and Mg, in DF than in NS. A high variability was observed between nutrient content of the different compartments, e.g., DF < NS for needles (except Mg), DF < NS for K, Ca and Mg for stem wood and DF > NS for N and P of stem wood. Fertilisation did not considerably change the hierarchy. On the basis of this study, all the indexes concerning stand production, wood density, nutrient use efficiency and response to fertilisation gave a net advantage to DF. This information is highly relevant for both ecological and practical purposes.