Pleistocene climate variability in eastern Africa influenced hominin evolution.
Pleistocene climate variability in eastern Africa influenced hominin evolution.
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东非的更新世气候变化影响了人类的进化。
DOI：
10.1038/s41561-022-01032-y
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
尽管在东非发现了半个多世纪的古人类化石，但由于缺乏来自已证实的早期人类栖息地之一的连续古环境记录，特别是更新世时期，古人类进化和扩散的区域环境背景尚未得到很好的确定。在这里，我们展示了埃塞俄比亚南部楚巴赫 (Chew Bahir) 62 万年的环境记录，该地区靠近重要的化石遗址。我们的记录记录了不同时期的气候变化对古人类生物和文化转型的潜在影响。古人类群体中高度解剖多样性的出现与距今约 620,000 至 275,000 年的长期且相对稳定的潮湿条件相一致（第 1-6 集），并被几次突然和极端的水文气候扰动所中断。明显的气候周期性模式在第 7-9 集（距今约 275,000-60,000 年）期间改变了栖息地，这是一个关键阶段，涵盖了从阿舍利到中石器时代技术的逐渐过渡、东非智人的出现以及人类社会和文化的关键创新。这些累积的创新加上第 10 至 12 集（距今约 60,000-10,000 年）的高频气候振荡期间非洲东北部和东地中海之间的潮湿脉冲的对齐可能促进了智人的全球传播。根据对埃塞俄比亚楚巴赫盆地收集的核心环境代用记录的分析，在过去 62 万年中，东非气候变化的三个不同阶段与古人类进化和扩散的变化同时发生。
Despite more than half a century of hominin fossil discoveries in eastern Africa, the regional environmental context of hominin evolution and dispersal is not well established due to the lack of continuous palaeoenvironmental records from one of the proven habitats of early human populations, particularly for the Pleistocene epoch. Here we present a 620,000-year environmental record from Chew Bahir, southern Ethiopia, which is proximal to key fossil sites. Our record documents the potential influence of different episodes of climatic variability on hominin biological and cultural transformation. The appearance of high anatomical diversity in hominin groups coincides with long-lasting and relatively stable humid conditions from ~620,000 to 275,000 years bp (episodes 1–6), interrupted by several abrupt and extreme hydroclimate perturbations. A pattern of pronounced climatic cyclicity transformed habitats during episodes 7–9 (~275,000–60,000 years bp), a crucial phase encompassing the gradual transition from Acheulean to Middle Stone Age technologies, the emergence of Homo sapiens in eastern Africa and key human social and cultural innovations. Those accumulative innovations plus the alignment of humid pulses between northeastern Africa and the eastern Mediterranean during high-frequency climate oscillations of episodes 10–12 (~60,000–10,000 years bp) could have facilitated the global dispersal of H. sapiens. Over the past 620,000 years, three distinct phases of climate variability in eastern Africa coincided with shifts in hominin evolution and dispersal, according to an analysis of environmental proxy records from a core collected in the Chew Bahir basin of Ethiopia.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Giosan, L;Flood, RD;Aller, RC
通讯作者：
Aller, RC
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Clark, Jennifer B.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
de la Torre, Ignacio;Mora, Rafael;Benito-Calvo, Alfonso
通讯作者：
Benito-Calvo, Alfonso
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Grove, Matt
通讯作者：
Grove, Matt
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Assefa, Zelalem;Lam, Y. M.;Mienis, Henk K.
通讯作者：
Mienis, Henk K.