Lay Personality Theories in Interactive Decisions: Strongly Held, Weakly Supported
Lay Personality Theories in Interactive Decisions: Strongly Held, Weakly Supported
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DOI：
10.1002/bdm.1842
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kugler, Tamar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper, Dylan A.;Connolly, Terry;Kugler, Tamar
在互动决策中，对其他人将做什么的暗示对形成策略很重要。关于他人性格的信息似乎对这一目的具有潜在价值。我们报告了一系列的四项研究，探讨如何信息，另一个演员的个性影响人们自己的选择，在互动的决定。研究发现，人们普遍认为，他人的人格特征对广泛的决策行为（竞争/合作，寻求风险/规避风险）（研究1）和单一代理设置中的特定选择（研究2）具有强烈的预测性。这些信念延伸到预测他人在互动决策中的选择（研究3），以及在鸡和保证游戏中的互动游戏中塑造预测者自己的决策（研究4）。总的来说，我们发现了大量的证据表明，外行人相信我们选择的人格特质（愤怒-敌意，焦虑，自信，寻求刺激和温暖）对互动决策中的行为有实质性的影响，他们在做出自己的决定时会根据这些信念行事。然而，支持这些特征的预测有效性的经验证据相当薄弱。版权所有（c）2014约翰威利父子有限公司
In interactive decisions, cues to what others will do are important in forming a strategy. Information about others' personalities appears to be potentially valuable for this purpose. We report a series of four studies examining how information about another actor's personality influences people's own choices in interactive decisions. The studies found widespread beliefs that others' personality characteristics are strongly predictive both of broad classes of decision behavior (competition/cooperation, risk-seeking/risk-aversion) (Study 1) and of specific choices (Study 2) in single-agent settings. These beliefs extended to predicting others' choices in interactive decisions (Study 3) and to shaping the predictor's own decisions in interactive play in Chicken and Assurance games (Study 4). Overall, we found extensive evidence that laypeople believe that the personality traits we selected (angry-hostility, anxiety, assertiveness, excitement-seeking, and warmth) have substantial effects on behavior in interactive decisions and they act on those beliefs when making their own decisions. The empirical evidence supporting the predictive validity of these traits was, however, quite weak. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.