Strengthening the influenza vaccine virus selection and development process Outcome of the 2nd WHO Informal Consultation for Improving Influenza Vaccine Virus Selection held at the Centre International de Conferences (CICG) Geneva, Switzerland, 7 to 9 December 2011
Strengthening the influenza vaccine virus selection and development process Outcome of the 2nd WHO Informal Consultation for Improving Influenza Vaccine Virus Selection held at the Centre International de Conferences (CICG) Geneva, Switzerland, 7 to 9 December 2011
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.049
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发表时间：
2013-07-11
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Ziegler, Thedi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al Busaidy, Suleiman;Al-Gohary, Amany;Ziegler, Thedi
流感疫苗接种仍然是全球、区域和国家公共卫生努力的基石，以减少反复发生的流感流行和罕见大流行的影响。有效的流感疫苗接种计划依赖于与最新抗原变体良好匹配的疫苗的可用性，以及及时和公平地获得此类疫苗。流感疫苗生产的核心在于疫苗病毒的选择和开发过程（图1），该过程由世界卫生组织全球流感监测和响应系统（GISRS）实施和协调。 2自 1952 年以来，全球流感监测和应对系统已发展成为持续监测流感活动、评估季节性流行病和可能引起大流行的动物流感病毒带来的风险的关键全球机制。随着人们对这些风险的认识不断提高，以及流感引起的疾病负担变得更加清晰，对 GISRS 的要求也随之增加，特别是在过去十年中。 2003年，人类感染H5N1流感病例的重新出现凸显了加强大流行性流感防范和应对能力的重要性，这些能力随后被写入更新的《国际卫生条例》（2005年）。 GISRS 的显着扩展——主要是由于国家流感中心 (NIC) 的数量、地理覆盖范围和能力的增加——以及世卫组织更加突出的协调作用，在该系统经受 2009 年 H1N1 大流行的考验时证明是完全合理的。 2011年，历史性地通过了大流行性流感防范（PIP）框架，以共享流感病毒并获得疫苗和其他好处，这反映出人们越来越认识到及时共享和表征病毒以及公平提供针对季节性和大流行性流感的有效疫苗的重要性。
Influenza vaccination remains the cornerstone of global, regional and national public health efforts to reduce the impact of both recurrent influenza epidemics and infrequent pandemics. Effective influenza vaccination programmes rely upon the availability of vaccines that are well matched to the latest antigenic variants, and upon timely and equitable access to such vaccines. At the heart of influenza vaccine production lies the vaccine virus selection and development process (Fig. 1) implemented and coordinated by the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). 2Since 1952, the GISRS has evolved into the key global mechanism for continually monitoring influenza activity, and for assessing the risks posed both by seasonal epidemics and by animal influenza viruses with the potential to cause a pandemic. As awareness of these risks has risen, and as the burden of disease caused by influenza has become clearer, the demands placed on the GISRS have increased, especially over the last decade. In 2003, the re-emergence of human cases of H5N1 influenza highlighted the importance of strengthened pandemic influenza preparedness and response capacities, which were subsequently enshrined in the updated International Health Regulations (2005). The marked expansion of the GISRS–primarily as a result of increases in the number, geographical coverage and capacities of National Influenza Centres (NICs)–and the more prominent coordinating role of WHO proved to be fully justified when the system was tested by the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. In 2011, the historic adoption of the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework for the sharing of influenza viruses and access to vaccines and other benefits reflected growing recognition of the importance of the timely sharing and characterization of viruses, and the equitable provision of effective vaccines against both seasonal and pandemic influenza.