Monkeypox Virus Outbreak 2022: Key Epidemiologic, Clinical, Diagnostic, and Prevention Considerations.
Monkeypox Virus Outbreak 2022: Key Epidemiologic, Clinical, Diagnostic, and Prevention Considerations.
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DOI：
10.1097/jnc.0000000000000365
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Farley, Jason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kwong, Jeffrey;McNabb, Katherine C.;Voss, Joachim G.;Bergman, Alanna;McGee, Kara;Farley, Jason
猴痘是一种人畜共患传染病，表现为皮肤病损，可能是疼痛或过敏，可出现在面部，躯干，四肢，生殖器和粘膜表面。2022年，猴痘病例呈指数级增长，世界卫生组织和美国卫生与公众服务部宣布猴痘为突发公共卫生事件。与以往的猴痘疫情不同，目前的情况对男男性行为者的影响不成比例，似乎与死亡率较低有关。治疗和预防的选择有限。疫苗和抗病毒药物的分配和可用性给患者、临床医生和公共卫生系统带来了挑战。早期识别和管理猴痘患者对控制这种感染的传播至关重要。本文回顾了猴痘的主要特征，强调了目前对艾滋病毒感染者的临床管理、预防和注意事项的建议。公共卫生和护理的影响进行了讨论。
Monkeypox is a zoonotic infection which manifests as dermatologic lesions that may be painful or pruritic and can appear on the face, trunk, extremities, genitals, and mucosal surfaces. In 2022, cases of monkeypox increased exponentially and was declared a public health emergency by the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Unlike previous monkeypox outbreaks, the current situation has disproportionately impacted men who have sex with men and appears to be associated with lower mortality. Options for treatment and prevention are limited. The distribution and availability of vaccines and antivirals has posed challenges for patients, clinicians, and public health systems. Early recognition and management of persons with monkeypox is critical in controlling the spread of this infection. This article reviews key features of monkeypox, highlights current recommendations for clinical management, prevention, and considerations for persons with HIV. Implications for public health and nursing are discussed.