Diversity of Aerobic Methanotrophic Bacteria in a Permafrost Active Layer Soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia
Diversity of Aerobic Methanotrophic Bacteria in a Permafrost Active Layer Soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-008-9411-x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wagner, Dirk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liebner, Susanne;Rublack, Katja;Wagner, Dirk
通过这项研究，我们首次提供了西伯利亚利纳三角洲北极永久冻土活跃层土壤中好氧甲烷营养细菌(MOB)多样性的数据。应用变性梯度凝胶电泳法和活跃层样品的16S核糖体核糖核酸(RRNA)和pmoA基因片段的克隆，我们发现甲烷营养多样性普遍限制在与甲氧基乳杆菌和甲氧华氏菌属密切相关的序列上，这两种类型的MOB都是第一型单抗。相反，我们揭示了一种独特的物种水平的多样性。基于16S rRNA基因的系统发育分析，发现了本研究冻土活跃层土壤特有的两个新的MOB簇。总体而言，检测到的13个可操作分类单元中有8个属于这些集群。这些聚类群的成员与从北极环境中分离出来的嗜冷甲氧甲基杆菌和衣状甲基杆菌有密切的亲缘关系。另一个pmoA基因分析证实了与嗜冷分枝杆菌和毛囊分枝杆菌关系密切的MOB的优势。我们使用多样性指数，如Shannon多样性指数或Chao1丰富度估计器，来比较地表附近和永久冻土台面附近的群落。我们确定了两个深度的暴徒群落的相似的多样性，并认为它不受活动层中极端的物理和地球化学梯度的影响。
With this study, we present first data on the diversity of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria (MOB) in an Arctic permafrost active layer soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia. Applying denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and cloning of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and pmoA gene fragments of active layer samples, we found a general restriction of the methanotrophic diversity to sequences closely related to the genera Methylobacter and Methylosarcina, both type I MOB. In contrast, we revealed a distinct species-level diversity. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, two new clusters of MOB specific for the permafrost active layer soil of this study were found. In total, 8 out of 13 operational taxonomic units detected belong to these clusters. Members of these clusters were closely related to Methylobacter psychrophilus and Methylobacter tundripaludum, both isolated from Arctic environments. A dominance of MOB closely related to M. psychrophilus and M. tundripaludum was confirmed by an additional pmoA gene analysis. We used diversity indices such as the Shannon diversity index or the Chao1 richness estimator in order to compare the MOB community near the surface and near the permafrost table. We determined a similar diversity of the MOB community in both depths and suggest that it is not influenced by the extreme physical and geochemical gradients in the active layer.