Cooperative Phenomena in Biological Motion
Cooperative Phenomena in Biological Motion
复制标题
生物运动中的协作现象
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-70795-7_9
复制
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Scholz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Kelso;J. Scholz
一个“简单”的发音，如音节/ba/，涉及大量神经肌肉元件在不同时间尺度上的合作，例如，在呼吸道、喉和喉上水平。然而，不知何故，从这个巨大的维度，/ba/出现了一个连贯和良好的模式。类似地，如果要计算神经元、肌肉和关节，这些神经元、肌肉和关节协同产生“简单”的行走行为，那么实际上涉及数千个自由度。再一次，不知何故，行走作为一种基本的低维循环模式出现在动力系统的语言中，一个周期性吸引子。在物理学中，由一组复杂的偏非线性微分方程描述的无限维系统可以在实验或理论分析时简化为低维描述[1，2]。在所有这些情况下，关于系统的信息似乎都被压缩了--从一个巨大维度的微观基础到一个低维度的宏观基础。
The production of a “simple” utterance, such as the syllable /ba/, involves the cooperation of a large number of neuromuscular elements operating on different time scales, e.g., at respiratory, laryngeal, and supralaryngeal levels. Yet somehow, from this huge dimensionality, /ba/ emerges as a coherent and well-formed pattern. Similarly, were one to count the neurons, muscles, and joints that cooperate to produce the “simple” act of walking, literally thousands of degrees of freedom would be involved. Yet again, somehow walking emerges as a fundamentally low-dimensional cyclical pattern—in the language of dynamical systems, a periodic attractor. In physics, an infinite dimensional system, described by a complicated set of partial, nonlinear differential equations can be reduced—when probed experimentally or analyzed theoretically—to a low-dimensional description [1,2]. In all these cases, it seems, information about the system is compressed—from a microscopic basis of huge dimensionality—to a macroscopic basis of low dimensionality.
发音姿势的时机：关系不变量的证据。
DOI：
10.1121/1.391421
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tuller,B;Kelso,JA
通讯作者：
Kelso,JA