DISTRACTION AND COPING WITH PAIN
DISTRACTION AND COPING WITH PAIN
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.516
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
MALOTT, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCCAUL, KD;MALOTT, JM
提供了明确的概念性解释，解释了为什么以及何时分心会有效地应对疼痛产生的痛苦，并回顾了与这一概念方案相关的研究。从认知在调节疼痛体验中的重要性和将注意力集中在不同刺激事件上的有限能力的假设中，得出了分心有效性的理论案例。将这些假设结合起来，得出了用现有数据检验的4条原则。原则1认为，与未指导和安慰剂对照条件相比，分心会减少压力。第二条原则认为，需要更多注意力的分散注意力的技术将更有效。原理3认为，分散注意力对低强度的疼痛刺激有更强的影响。原则4预测，对于轻微的疼痛刺激，分散注意力比感觉重新定义更有效，但对于强烈的疼痛刺激，情况正好相反。数据支持这些原则。需要研究来比较分散注意力和预期控制条件，测试临床分散注意力与急性疼痛的对比，比较分散注意力策略在量化注意力要求方面的差异，并发现疼痛刺激的特征。（89 ref）（PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Offers explicit conceptual explanations of why and when distraction will be effective in coping with pain-produced distress and reviews research related to this conceptual scheme. A theoretical case for the effectiveness of distraction is drawn from assumptions about the importance of cognition in mediating the pain experience and the limited capacity available for focusing attention on different stimulus events. Combining these assumptions led to 4 principles that were examined with available data. Principle 1 holds that distractions will reduce stress as compared with uninstructed and placebo control conditions. Principle 2 maintains that distraction techniques that require more attentional capacity will be more effective. Principle 3 contends that distraction will have stronger effects on pain stimuli of low intensity. Principle 4 predicts that distraction will be more effective than sensation redefinition for mild pain stimuli, but the reverse will be true for intense pain stimuli. Data support these principles. Research is needed to compare distraction and expectancy control conditions, to test distraction for clinical as opposed to acute pain, to compare distraction strategies that vary in quantified attentional requirements, and to discover the features of pain stimuli.(89 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)