Beyond the Tools of the Trade: Heidegger and the Intelligibility of Everyday Things
Beyond the Tools of the Trade: Heidegger and the Intelligibility of Everyday Things
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超越交易工具：海德格尔与日常事物的可理解性
DOI：
10.1111/sjp.12154
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Oren Magid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oren Magid
在日常生活中，我们不断地遇到和处理有用的东西，而不会停下来询问它们的可理解性的来源。在Div.在《存在与时间》一书中，海德格尔进行的正是这样一种探究。根据对海德格尔分析的一般阅读，我们日常与有用事物的接触和交往的可理解性最终是由实际的自我理解构成的（例如成为园丁、鞋匠、教师、母亲、音乐家或哲学家）。在本文中，我认为，虽然这种实际的自我理解可能足以构成许多实践所特有的工具和设备的可理解性，但这些“贸易工具”只是我们每天遇到，使用和处理的事情的一小部分。实际的自我理解不能类似地解释日常生活中使用的更平凡的东西的可理解性，比如牙刷和人行道。我考虑是否一个匿名的自我理解为“一个”，“任何人”，或“没有人特别”-达斯人-可能发挥这种可理解性构成的作用。在研究这种可能性时，另一种类型的自我理解出现了：文化身份。我表明，文化身份，我们被“扔”，而不是实际的身份ordas人，构成了丰富的世俗的东西，填补我们的日常生活的可理解性。最后，我阐明了这一发现如何影响我们对海德格尔真实性概念的理解。
In everyday life, we constantly encounter and deal with useful things without pausing to inquire about the sources of their intelligibility. In Div. I ofBeing and Time, Heidegger undertakes just such an inquiry. According to a common reading of Heidegger's analysis, the intelligibility of our everyday encounters and dealings with useful things is ultimately constituted by practical self‐understandings (such as being a gardener, shoemaker, teacher, mother, musician, or philosopher). In this paper, I argue that while such practical self‐understandings may be sufficient to constitute the intelligibility of the tools and equipment specific to many practices, these “tools of the trade” are only a small portion of the things we encounter, use, and deal with on a daily basis. Practical self‐understandings cannot similarly account for the intelligibility of the more mundane things—like toothbrushes and sidewalks—used in everyday life. I consider whether an anonymous self‐understanding as “one,” “anyone,” or “no one in particular” —das Man—might play this intelligibility‐constituting role. In examining this possibility, another type of self‐understanding comes to light: cultural identities. I show that the cultural identities into which we are “thrown,” rather than practical identities ordas Man, constitute the intelligibility of the abundance of mundane things that fill our everyday lives. Finally, I spell out how this finding bears on our understanding of Heidegger's notion of authenticity.